210例精神分裂症精神残疾及相关因素的调查分析

目的评定精神分裂症患者的精神残疾现状及其相关因素。方法采用自制一般人口学资料调查问卷及WHO残疾评定量表(WHO-DA SⅡ),对来源于河北省精神卫生中心2009年4月-2010年9月进行精神疾病残疾鉴定的资料齐全的210例精神分裂症患者进行评定。结果精神残疾等级评定以中度(44.8%),轻度(34.3%)为主。精神残疾等级与年龄、病程呈显著的正相关(r=0.191,0.309;P<0.001)。以WHO-DA SⅡ总分为自变量,多因素回归分析显示,只有病程与病情严重程度呈独立相关(t=3.914,P<0.001)。以病程≤10年及病程>10年的患者比较,WHO-DA SⅡ总分及理解与交流、身体移动、与人相处、生活活动、社会参与等因子分均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症的精神残疾随病程的延长而逐渐加重,健全社区康复体系,可减缓社会功能缺陷。

Investigation on Mental Disabilities and Related Factors of 210 Patients with Schizophrenia

Objective To evaluate mental disabilities and related factors of patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 210 patients with schizophrenia,who were identified mental illness disability in Hebei Province Mental Health Center from Apr.2009 to Sep.2010,were assessed with investigation list made by self and WHO disability rating scale（WHO-DSAⅡ）.Results There were moderate（44.8%）,mild（34.3%）in mental disability rating.There was a significantly positive correlation between mental disability level and age,schizophrenia duration（r=0.191,0.309;P〈0.001）.To WHO-DAS Ⅱscores for the independent variable,only course and severe disease were related to the degree of independence by more linear regression analysis（t=3.914,P〈0.001）.The patients with less than 10 years schizophrenia were significantly better than those with more than 10 years in WHO-DASⅡ,understanding and communication,total body movement,getting along with people,life events and social participation factor（P〈 0.05）.Conclusion The mental disability of schizophrenia is sick gradually with the disease course.To improve community rehabilitation system can slow down social function defects.