大学生失眠状况及自我应对策略的研究

目的了解大学生睡眠质量状况及其影响因素。方法采用睡眠状况自评量表和自编失眠影响因素及应对策略问卷,对162名大学生进行调查研究。结果大学生睡眠障碍的主要表现为失眠反应、觉醒不足、早醒;大三学生在睡眠不足和失眠反应因子上问题更突出一些(P<0.01);女生失眠的情况相对严重(χ2=7.475,P<0.05),表现为入睡困难、噩梦夜惊;理科生在睡眠时间因子上的问题更突出一些(t=-2.979,P<0.01)。导致大学生失眠的主要因素是压力因素,尤其是学习压力和就业压力。大学生应对失眠采取的方法中排名前3位的分别是:听音乐,看书、看电影,调整作息。结论学习压力和就业压力导致大学生睡眠障碍,大三学生及女生更为严重,多数失眠学生积极采用不同方法调整。

Insomnia Status of College Students and Coping Strategies

Objective To explore college students＇ sleep quality and related factors.Methods A total of 162 students were surveyed by the scale of self-rating sleep,the self insomnia factors and response to the strategy questionnaire.Results Students＇ sleep disorders were manifested as insomnia reaction,lack of arousal,early awakening.Junior students＇ sleep problems were more prominent at the lack of sleep and insomnia reaction（P0.01）.The girls insomnia was relatively serious（χ2=7.475,P0.05）,performancing in difficulty sleeping and nightmares night terrors.Science students＇ sleep problems were more prominent at the length of sleep（t=-2.979,P0.01）.The main factor leading to students insomnia was stress,which accounted for the top two were study stress and employment pressure.The top three strategy used to deal with insomnia were as follows：listening to music,reading and watching,adjusting the work and rest.Conclusion Study stress and employment pressure lead to college students＇ sleep disorder,junior students and girls are relatively serious,most of the students actively adopt different adjustment method.