78例社区服刑人员人格特征与心理健康的相关研究

目的调查社区服刑人员的人格特征与心理健康状况的相关关系。方法采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对四川省绵阳市涪城区司法局所辖的10多个街道、乡(镇)社区矫正试点单位中的社区服刑人员共78人进行调查。结果①样本在聪慧性(男t=-2.718,P<0.01;女t=-1.430,P<0.01)、恃强性(男t=-3.778,P<0.001;女t=-2.316,P<0.05)、兴奋性(t男=-3.424,P<0.01;女t=-2.430,P<0.05)、怀疑性(t男=-1.553,P<0.05)、世故性(t女=-1.503,P<0.05)、实验性(t男=-2.891,P<0.01;女t=-2.026,P<0.01)等因素上显著低于常模,而在敏感性(t男=2.297,P<0.05;女t=1.910,P<0.05)、幻想性(男t=2.798,P<0.001)、忧虑性(男t=3.352,P<0.001)因素上显著高于常模,男性在乐群性(t=-2.418,P<0.05)和敏感性(t=-3.082,P<0.01)上显著低于女性。样本的次元人格因素(接近于4分)和综合人格因素中的"心理健康因素"(M ean<22)得分偏低;②样本与普通人群在总均分(t=2.914,P<0.05)和阳性项目数(t=4.108,P<0.001)上存在显著差异,均值显著高于常模的因子依次是强迫(t=2.284,P<0.05)、人际关系(t=1.579,P<0.05)、抑郁(t=2.086,P<0.05)、躯体化(t=2.399,P<0.05)、焦虑(t=2.142,P<0.05)、精神病性(t=2.147,P<0.05);③样本的乐群性、稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性、敢为性、世故性、紧张性因素与其SCL-90的大部分因子显著相关,但多元逐步回归分析没有得到有显著意义的方程。结论社区服刑人员的人格特征和其心理健康状况有一定的关联,且显著区别于常人,属于偏差群体;同时,男女社区服刑人员的人格特征也具有一定差异,在矫正时需区别对待。

The Relationship between Personality and Mental Health of 78 Community Inmates

Objective To survey the relationship between personality and mental health of community inmates.Methods A total of 78 community inmates in more than 10 pilot precincts for community correction dominated by judicial administrations in Fucheng district in Mianyang city were measured by the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire(16PF)and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Results ①The scores of sample were significantly lower than the norm in the factors of B(tmale=-2.718,P<0.01;tfemale=-1.430,P<0.01),E(tmale=-3.778,P<0.001;tfemale=-2.316,P<0.05),F(tmale=-3.424,P<0.01;tfemale=-2.430,P<0.05),L(tmale=-1.553,P<0.05),N(tfemale=-1.503,P<0.05)and Q1(tmale=-2.891,P<0.01;tfemale=-2.026,P<0.01),while significantly higher in the factors of I(tmale=2.297,P<0.05;tfemale=1.910,P<0.05),M(tmale=2.798,P<0.001)and O(tmale=3.352,P<0.001).The scores of male in A(t=-2.418,P<0.05)and I(t=-3.082,P<0.01)factors were significantly lower than those of female.Otherwise,the scores of dimensional personality factors(close to 4)and one aspect of comprehensive personality factors,namely the mental health’s personality(Mean<22),were on the low side.②It was revealed by SCL-90 that there were significant differences between the sample and normal in general symptomatic index(t=2.914,P<0.05)and positive symptom numbers(t=4.108,P<0.001).And the factors which means were remarkably higher than the norm were in turn obsessive-compulsive(t=2.284,P<0.05),interpersonal sensitivity(t=1.579,P<0.05),depression(t=2.086,P<0.05),somatization(t=2.399,P<0.05),anxiety(t=2.142,P<0.05)and psychoticism(t=2.147,P<0.05).③There were significant correlation between the 16PF factors of A,C,E,F,H,N,Q4 and the most SCL-90 factors,while it didn’t cause regressive equation with significance by multiple stepwise regression analysis.Conclusion There are certain association between personality and mental health of community inmates which are different from the average,therefore they belonged to deviant groups.Meanwhile,more attention should be paid to the psychological treatment methods as a result of the personality differences between male and female inmates.