婴幼儿青霉素皮试液量的探讨

目的探讨最适宜的婴幼儿做青霉素皮试的液量。方法对住院的204例小于3岁患儿按入院先后顺序随机分为实验组和对照组。用科室每天配制的青霉素皮试液,配制液为生理盐水500μ/mL,实验组皮试液量为0.05mL,对照组皮试液量为0.1mL,操作方法及结果判断标准按《高等护理学基础教材》。结果两组数据经SPSS13.0统计学软件包进行处理,两样本率的χ2检验结果 :χ2=5.058,两组样本相比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 3岁以内的患儿临床上可考虑用含青霉素25U/0.05mL做皮试,以减少假阳性发生。

Study of dosage in penicillin skintest

Objective To study the optimization dosage in the penicillin skin test.Methods All 204 patients less than 3 years old were included in the study.They were randomly divided into experiment group and control group by admission order.And they were evaluated by undergoing skin testing for allergy to penicillin with 0.05 mL and 0.1 mL respectively.The dose with a suspension was set at 500 μ/mL.All tests were performed using routine procedures.Results The false positive of experiment group and control group was 7.8% and 18.6% （χ2=5.058,P0.05） respectively.Conclusion The penicillin skin test for the patients below 3 years old can use 0.05mL suspension with 25 U penicillin to reduce the false positive.