全反式维A酸、阿维A和他扎罗汀对人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡和Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响及意义

目的 探讨全反式维A酸(ATRA)、阿维A及他扎罗汀对人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡及Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响及其意义。方法 采用体外培养和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡(AnnexinV-PI法),SABC免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达情况。结果 浓度均为10^-5mol/L的ATRA、阿维A及他扎罗汀能不同程度地诱导了人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡,其中阿维A作用最为显著,凋亡率13.42%,明显高于对照组、ATRA及他扎罗汀组(均P<0.05);其次为ATRA(5.03%,明显高于对照组及他扎罗汀组,P<0.05)和他扎罗汀组(凋亡率2.88%)。3种维A酸亦使A375细胞Bax蛋白阳性表达增强而Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达减弱(P<0.05),其中阿维A作用最强,其次为ATRA和他扎罗汀。结论 维A酸促进A375细胞凋亡可能部分通过以线粒体为核心的凋亡途径。阿维A可能是防治黑色素瘤的有效药物。

Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid, acitretin and tazarotene on apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 expressions of human melanoma cells A375 and the significance

Objective To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), acitretin and tazarotene on apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 protein expressions of human melanoma A375 cells. Methods The effects of retinoids on apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 protein expressions of A375 cells in vitro were examined. Apoptosis analysis with double staining with annexin V-FITC and PI was performed using flow cytometer. SABC immunocytochemistry was employed for detection of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expressions. Results At the concentration of 1×10^-5 mol/L, ATRA, acitretin and tazarotene all induced apoptosis of A375 cells with apoptosis ratio of 5.03% (P<0.05), 13.42% (P<0.05) and 2.88% (P>0.05), respectively, and acitretin induced more significant apoptosis than the other two agents (P<0.05). In addition, all the three agents significantly increased the number of cells positive for Bax expression and decreased the number of cells expressing Bcl-2 (P<0.05), among which acitretin had the strongest effects. Conclusions ATRA, acitretin and tazarotene mediate apoptosis of A375 cells possibly through, at least partially, the mitochondrial pathway. Acitretin may be utilized as a valuable alternative for treating melanoma.