知信行模式健康教育对体检血脂异常患者自我效能的影响

目的:探讨知信行模式健康教育对体检血脂异常患者自我效能的影响。方法:将212例体检血脂异常患者随机分为观察组108例、对照组104例,2组体检后均给予常规健康指导,在此基础上给予观察组知信行模式的系统健康教育,干预6个月后,再次体检,比较干预前后2组患者血脂水平、体质指数、疾病知识掌握情况和自我效能的变化。结果:血脂知信行问卷(KAP问卷)评分和自我效能评分观察组均较干预前提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、体质量指数(BMI)观察组均较干预前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。上述指标对照组干预前后无明显变化(P0.05),干预后2组组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:知信行模式健康教育可提高体检血脂异常患者血脂KAP水平和自我效能,有效控制血脂,降低BMI水平。

The Influence of KAP Health Education on Self Efficacy of the Patients with Abnormal Blood Lipid in Physical Examination

Objective: To explore the influence of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) health education on self efficacy of the patients with abnormal blood lipid in physical examination. Methods: All 212 patients were randomized into 108 patients in the observation group and 104 cases in the control group, after the physical examination, both groups accepted conventional health guidance, the observation group received systematic health education of KAP mode, after intervention for six months, the patients were tested again, the level of blood lipid, constitutional index, disease knowledge grasping conditions and self efficacy of the patients in both groups were compared between before and after the intervention. Results: The scales of KAP questionnaire and self efficacy of the observation group raised compared with before the intervention, and the difference had statistical meaning (P<0.05); TC, TG, LDL-C and BMI of the observation group decreased notably compared with before intervention, and the difference showed statistical meaning (P<0.05). There was no obvious change in the comparisons of all the indexes above before and after the intervention(P>0.05), and the difference had statistical meaning in the comparison be-tween both groups after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: KAP health education could improve KAP level and self efficacy of the patients with abnormal blood lipid, effectively control blood lipid and decrease BMI level.