3年医院感染主要病原菌的耐药性及应对措施

目的 了解医院近3年来5种主要病原菌耐药性,为临床治疗细菌感染提供依据.方法 采用法国生物梅里埃公司ATB Expression鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定,用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验.结果 2007-2009年5种主要病原菌分离株数量均不断上升,3年大肠埃希菌由588株上升至690株、肺炎克雷伯菌由157株上升至271株、铜绿假单胞菌由195株上升至537株、鲍氏不动杆菌由36株上升至327株、金黄色葡萄球菌由374株上升至505株,5种菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率多数＞50.0％.结论 医院常见病原菌耐药严重,临床医师应根据药敏结果合理选择抗菌药物,针对病原菌的特点,采取有效的应对措施.

Drug resistance of 5 main species of pathogens during past 3 years and response measures

OBJECTIVE To study the drug resistance of 5 main species of pathogens during the past 3 years so as to provide basis for clinical treatment of bacterial infections.METHODS Pathogens were identified by ATB Expression system of BioMérieux,France,the drug susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS Five major species of pathogens isolated have been increasing during three years;from 2007 to 2009,Escherichia coil isolates increased from 588 strains to 690 strains,Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates increased from 157 strains to 271 strains,Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates increased from 195 strains to 537 strains,Acinetobacter baumannii isolates increased from 36 strains to 327 strains,and Staphylococcus aureus isolates increased from 374 strains to 505 strains;the resistance rates of the five species of pathogens to commonly used antibiotics were greater than 50.0%.CONCLUSION The resistance of the common pathogens is serious,the reasonable use of drug must based on the result of the drug susceptibility testing,and it should take effective countermeasures in accordance with the characteristics of the pathogens.