留置尿管患者尿路感染的相关因素及预防对策

目的 分析留置尿管患者尿路感染的相关因素,并探讨预防对策,以降低尿路感染发生率.方法 运用回顾性调查方法对23例留置尿管发生尿路感染患者进行原因分析；观察不同留置尿管时间尿路感染的发生率.结果 随着留置尿管时间的增加,发生尿路感染例数显著增加,留置尿管10、20、30、＞30 d患者发生尿路感染分别占8.70％、17.39％、30.43％、43.48％ ;23例感染患者中有16例行尿培养检查,送检率为69.57％,培养结果均为阳性,分离出的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占52.17％,其中主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占30.43％、21.74％,革兰阳性球菌占26.09％,以屎肠球菌为主,占17.39％,除此之外真菌感染增加,以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占21.74％.结论 留置尿管时间、集尿系统密闭性不良等原因是造成尿路感染的主要危险因素,针对各种危险因素,采取有效的预防措施,可降低尿路感染的发生.

Related factors for urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling catheter and preventive countermeasures

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors for urinary tract infection due to indwelling urinary catheter and discuss the preventive countermeasures,so as to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection.METHODS The causes of urinary tract infections in 23 cases with indwelling urinary catheter were retrospectively analyzed,the incidence of urinary tract infections of different catheterization durations was investigated.RESULTS The urinary tract infections significantly increased as the catheter indwelling duration increased.For the duration of 10ds,20ds,30ds,>30 ds,the morbidity were 8.70%,17.39%,30.43%,43.48% respectively;16 of 23 cases were enrolled in urine culture,the submitted rate was 69.57%.Gram-negative bacilli were the predominant pathogens,accounting for 52.17%,E.coli and PAE were the major pathogens,accounting for 30.43% and 21.74%,respectively;Gram-positive bacilli accounted for 26.09%,among which Enterococcus feces was 17.39%.In addition,fungal infection increased with Candida albicans as the predominant pathogen,accounting for 21.74%.CONCLUSION The duration and poor impermeability of urine collecting devices are the major causes for urinary tract infections;to respond to various risk factors,we should take effective preventive measures to reduce the urinary tract infection.