武汉市住院婴幼儿医院感染轮状病毒现状及危险因素分析

目的 分析武汉市住院婴幼儿医院感染轮状病毒(RV)的现状及危险因素,为临床诊治和控制医院感染提供科学依据.方法 回顾性收集医院2008年1月-2010年12月住院6月龄～2岁患儿资料5904例,对感染轮状病毒的患儿粪便采用胶体金免疫层析法,进行RV检测,采用单因素分析法分析住院婴幼儿医院感染轮状病毒的相关因素,进一步采用 logistic回归分析确定感染独立危险因素.结果 3年间住院腹泻婴幼儿轮状病毒感染率为25.9％,其中2008-2010年平均感染率分别为26.5％、20.8％和29.8％；轮状病毒感染全年均可发生,其高峰为9-12月份,占阳性总数的62.8％,多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,走廊加床、母乳喂养、呼吸道疾病、住院时间、基础疾病进入回归方程.结论 轮状病毒感染在武汉市住院婴幼儿中较普遍,是引起6月龄～2岁婴幼儿病毒感染性腹泻的主要病原体.新生儿RV感染情况不容忽视,RV腹泻具有明显的季节性,在流行季节应做好预防及保护措施,走廊加床、母乳喂养、呼吸道疾病、住院时间、基础疾病为婴幼儿医院感染轮状病毒的独立影响因素.

Current status and risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by rotavirus among infants in Wuhan

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status and risk factors for rotavirus(RV) nosocomial infections among infants in Wuhan and to provide scientific evidence for clinical diagnosis,treatment,and control of nosocomial infections.METHODS The clinical data of 5904 hospitalized infants aged between 6 months and 2 years old were retrospectively collected from Jan.2008 to Dec.2010.RV from fecal samples obtained from the infants was detected by gold immunochromatographic assay(GIA).Univariate factor analysis of related factors for nosocomial infections caused by RV among hospitalized infants was performed,and logistic regression analysis was adopted in advance to analyze and determinate independent risk factors.RESULTS During the hospitalization in past three years,RV infection rate of the diarrhea infants was 25.9%;the infection rates in average of the 2008,2009,and 2010 were 26.5%,20.8%,and 29.8%,respectively.The outbreak of RV infection was possible in the whole year,with its peak during Sep-Dec,accounting for 62.8%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that extra bed in corridor,breast-feeding,respiratory diseases,length of hospital stay,and underlying diseases entered the regression equation.CONCLUSION RV infection is relatively common among the hospitalized infants in Wuhan,and RV is a predominant pathogen causing infectious diarrhea in infants aged between 6 months and 2 years old.The situation of RV infection in neonates deserves attention.Diarrhea caused by RV presents a significant seasonal feature,measures shall be specific for the prevention and protection during the prevalence season.Extra bed in corridor,breast-feeding,respiratory diseases,hospital stay,and underlying diseases are the independent risk factors for RV infections in infants.