尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解尿路感染的病原菌分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药率,为临床治疗用药提供依据.方法 对医院2010年6月—2011年3月住院及门诊患者尿液培养分离的细菌进行菌株鉴定及体外药敏试验,并对结果进行分析.结果 尿路感染病原菌培养共分离出病原菌685株,主要为大肠埃希菌、阴沟肠杆菌、真菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占35.62％、17.81％、9.34％、8.76％；革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低,其次为头孢他啶、阿米卡星；阴沟肠杆菌呈多药耐药性.结论 尿路感染主要以肠杆菌科、真菌为主要病原菌,加强耐药性检测,合理规范使用抗菌药物对控制和治疗尿路感染具有重要意义.

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infections

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections,so as to provide the basis for clinical medication.METHODS Urine-cultured bacteria strains were isolated from patients admitted to our hospital between Jun 2010 and Mar 2011;identification and susceptibility testing were performed,and the results were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 685 strains of pathogens were isolated from the patients with urinary tract infections,mainly including Escherichia coli(35.62%),Enterobacter cloacae(17.81%),fungi(9.34%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(8.76%);the drug resistance rate of gram-negative bacilli to imipenem was the lowest,followed by ceftazidime and amikacin;E.cloacae showed multiple drug resistance.CONCLUSION Enterobacteriaceae and fungi are the major pathogens causing urinary tract infections;it is of great significance in treatment and control of urinary tract infections to enhance the detection of drug resistance and rational use of antibiotics.