心血管病患者合并肺部感染的危险因素分析

目的 探讨研究心血管病患者合并肺部感染的危险因素,为其预防提供依据.方法 选取2008年6月-2011年10月于医院进行治疗的724例心血管病患者为研究对象,将其肺部感染发生率及危险因素进行统计分析.结果 724例患者中共发生肺部感染41例,发生率为5.66％,其中年龄＞75岁者发生率为16.98％,高于＜75岁的患者；住院时间＞两周患者的发生率为8.27％,高于＜两周患者；抗菌药物应用≥3种者发生率为14.63％,高于≤2种患者；抗菌药物应用时间≥1个月者发生率为6.31％,高于应用时间＜1个月者；吸氧及吸痰患者发生率为7.21％、13.04％,高于未进行吸氧、吸痰的患者；进行侵入性操作患者的发生率为9.95％,高于未进行侵入性操作的患者；合并≥3种基础疾病者为16.42％,高于≤两种的患者,ASA分级Ⅳ级的患者为15.38％,高于≤Ⅲ级的患者；存在其他感染灶者为10.58％,高于无感染灶者,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 心血管病患者合并肺部感染的危险因素较多,应予以足够的重视.

Risk factors for pulmonary infections in patients with cardiovascular diseases

OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors for pulmonary infections in the patients with cardiovascular disease so as to provide bases for the prevention.METHODS A total of 724 patients with cardiovascular diseases who received treatment from Jun 2008 to Oct 2011 were selected as research objects,the incidence of the pulmonary infections and the risk factors were statistically analyzed.RESULTS Pulmonary infections occurred in 41 of 724 patients with cardiovascular diseases with the incidence rate of 5.66%,the incidence of the patients above 75 years of age was 16.98%,higher than that of the patients aged less than 75 years of age;the incidence of the patients with the hospital stay more than 2 weeks was 8.27%,higher than that of the patients with hospital stay less than 2 weeks;the incidence of the patients who used more than 3 antibiotics was 14.63%,higher than that of the patients who used 2 or less than 2 antibiotics;the incidence of the patients who used antibiotics more than 1 month was 6.31%,higher than that of the patients who used less than 1 month;the incidence rates of the patients with sputum aspiration and oxygen inhalation were 7.21% and 13.04%,respectively higher than those of the patients without sputum aspiration and oxygen inhalation;the incidence of the patients who underwent invasive operation was 9.95%,higher than that of the patients who did not underwent invasive operation,the incidence of the patients with more than 3 underlying diseases was 16.42%,higher than that of the patients with less than 2 underlying diseases;the incidence of the patients with the Ⅳ grade of ASA classification was 15.38%,higher than that of the patients with less than Ⅲ grade of ASA classification;the incidence of the patients with other infection foci was 10.58%,higher than that of the patients without other infection foci;the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The risk factors for the pulmonary infections in the patients with cardiovascular diseases are so many that it is necessary to attach great importance.