超声造影对正常动脉检测能力的实验研究

目的研究生理状态下彩色多普勒血流成像(CDFI)对不同深度血管血流的显示能力以及彩色多普勒超声造影(以下简称彩超造影)与实时灰阶谐波超声造影(以下简称谐波造影)的表现。方法动物选择普通家犬5只。使用意大利百胜Technos DU8超声诊断仪及SonoVue超声造影剂。二维超声分别显示犬的髂总动脉、髂外动脉、髂内动脉、股动脉及腋动脉,并测量内径,脉冲多普勒测量收缩期峰值流速(PSV)。人为增加血管深度,CDFI检查记录该深度状态的血流强度。至CDFI不能清晰显示血流时,分别利用彩超造影与谐波造影两种方法再次检测。彩超造影检测时记录血流强度及PSV。结果随着深度增加CDFI观察到的血流信号减弱,造影后血流信号均明显增强;造影后在同一部位检测到的PSV增加36.1%,两组数据比较有显著性差异;谐波造影显示注射造影剂后动脉管腔内回声迅速增强,能够清晰显示血管管壁与管腔的分界。结论造影剂的应用可明显提高CDFI对深部血流信号的检出,而谐波造影能更直观、准确地显示血管壁及流道的轮廓。

Experimental study of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of normal arteries

Objective To assess the ability of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in detecting the blood flow in different depth and the performance of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography (US) and real-time harmonic gray-scale imaging. Methods Five dogs were examined with Technos DU8 ultrasound system and contrast agents SonoVue. The common, external and internal iliac arteries, femoral arteries and axillary arteries were examined with color Doppler US. The lumen diameter and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were measured. Color Doppler US was performed again after the depth of the vessels was increased with fresh pork. The signal grade of blood flow was evaluated and noted. When the color blood signal could not be displayed clearly, contrast-enhanced color Doppler scanning and real-time harmonic gray-scale imaging were performed. The signal grade of blood flow and PSV were noted as well in enhanced CDFI. Results The blood signal grade decreased as the depth of the vessels increased. The signals were significantly enhanced by the use of UCA. The value of PSV detected on pulsed Doppler ultrasound increased by 36.1% after the administration of UCA. After SonoVue administration, hyperechogenic microbubble signals filled the arterial lumen on harmonic US, allowing the depiction of vessel lumen and wall. Conclusion The administration of UCA on color Doppler US improves the visualization of deep vessels but also with some inherent artifacts. Comparatively, real-time harmonic gray scale imaging with UCA delineate the outline of the vascular lumen and wall.