基于新鲜标本喙锁韧带的解剖学形态测量及临床意义

目的 基于新鲜尸体标本对喙锁韧带进行解剖学测量，为临床中喙锁韧带解剖重建提供解剖学依据。 方法 选取52例肩锁关节标本(新鲜尸体)，通过对肩锁关节标本进行解剖，观察喙锁韧带结构的解剖特点，分别测量锥状韧带的最大长度(QR)、斜方韧带的最大长度(ST)、锥状韧带喙突止点到喙突尖的距离(RV)、斜方韧带喙突止点到喙突尖的距离(TV)、锥状韧带锁骨止点到肩锁关节的距离(QU)、斜方韧带锁骨止点到肩锁关节的距离(SU)、锁骨上平面到喙突下平面的距离(WX)，并计算斜方韧带锁骨止点的平均直径(a-)、锥状韧带锁骨止点的平均直径(b-)、斜方韧带喙突止点的平均直径(c-)以及锥状韧带喙突止点的平均直径(d-)等数据，并对测量结果进行统计学分析。 结果 左侧和右侧斜方韧带锁骨止点的最小直径、斜方韧带喙突止点的最小直径在左右间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；喙锁韧带的喙突与锁骨止点的最大直径与最小直径在男女间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；左侧和右侧锥状韧带的最大长度(14.19±2.43、15.87±2.99)mm，锥状韧带喙突止点到喙突尖的距离(36.66±4.25、33.61±3.45)mm，锥状韧带锁骨止点的平均直径(11.95±1.43、11.23±1.12)mm和锥状韧带喙突止点的平均直径(9.20±1.60、7.90±0.76)mm间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而喙锁韧带的其他解剖形态在左右间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；喙锁韧带的解剖形态在男女间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 本研究对喙锁韧带相关解剖学形态进行了全面的测量，为涉及喙锁韧带损伤的肩锁关节疾病提供了相关解剖学数据，有利于术者在肩锁关节脱位手术中尽可能地完成喙锁韧带的解剖学重建。

Anatomical morphometry of coracoclavicular ligament based on fresh cadaver and clinical significance

Objective To measure the anatomical morphology of coracoclavicular ligament based on fresh cadavers, and to provide anatomical basis for anatomical reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament. Methods A total of 52 the acromioclavicular joints(fresh body specimen) was dissected, and the anatomical characteristics of coracoclavicular ligament were observed by dissecting acromioclavicular joint specimens. The anatomic data of which the length of the conoid ligament(QR), the length of the trapezoid ligament(ST); the distance from the conoid ligament attachment on coracoid to coracoid tip(RV), the distance from the trapezoid ligament attachment on coracoid to coracoid tip(TV), the distance form conoid ligament attachment on the clavicular to acromioclavicular joint(QU), the distance form the trapezoid ligament attachment on the clavicular to acromioclavicular joint(SU), the distance from supraclavicular plane to subcoracoid plane(WX) were measured; and the mean diameter of the trapezoid ligament attachment on the clavicular(a-), the mean diameter of the conoid ligament attachment on the clavicular(b-), the mean diameter of the trapezoid ligament attachment on the coracoid(c-), the mean diameter of he conoid ligament attachment on the coracoid(d-) were calculation. The measurement result underwent statistical analysis. Results The minimum diameter of the trapezoid ligament attachment on the clavicular and coracoid on the left and right sides, respectively. There were no significant differences in those anatomical morphology of the coracoclavicular ligament(P>0.05). The anatomical morphology of the diameter of coracoclavicular ligament attachment on the male and female had no significant difference (P>0.05). The maximum length of the conoid ligament was (14.19±2.43/15.87±2.99) mm on the left and right sides, respectively. The distance from the conoid ligament attachment on coracoid to coracoid tip was (36.66±4.25/33.61±3.45) mm on the left and right sides, respectively. The mean diameter of the conoid ligament attachment on the clavicular and coracoid was (11.95±1.43/11.23±1.12)mm and (9.20±1.60/7.90±0.76)mm on the left and right sides, respectively. There were significant differences in those anatomical morphology of the coracoclavicular ligament(P<0.05), while the others were no significant differences (P>0.05). The anatomical morphology of the coracoclavicular ligament on the male and female had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive measurement of anatomical morphology of coracoclavicular ligament can provide an anatomical basis for shoulder joint diseases related to coracoclavicular ligament injury. It will help surgical staff perform a complete anatomic reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligaments for the surgical treatment of dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint.