感音神经性耳聋分子机制的研究进展

感音神经性耳聋主要表现为声波感受障碍引起的听力损失，与耳蜗感觉上皮和螺旋神经元的结构及功能受损密切相关，但具体的病理机制尚不确切。细胞、分子水平的研究证明细胞凋亡、氧化应激损伤、免疫炎症、代谢障碍、基因突变可能参与多种因素引起的内耳细胞损伤或死亡，引起听力损失。本文将围绕上述细胞、分子过程在多种因素引起的感音神经性耳聋内耳细胞损伤和存活中的调控机制进行综述，以帮助研究人员识别关键分子靶点，为干预、治疗感音神经性耳聋新策略提供参考。

Advances in the molecular mechanism of sensorineural hearing loss

Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly manifested as hearing loss caused by sound wave perception disorder，which is closely related to the damage to the structure and function of cochlear sensory epithelium and spiral neurons，but the specific pathological mechanism is not clear now. Studies at the cellular and molecular level have provedthat apoptosis， oxidative stress damage， immune inflammation， metabolic disorders， and genetic mutations may beinvolved in various factors induced inner ear cells damage or death， causing hearing loss. This article will review onthe regulatory mechanisms of the above-mentioned molecules and cellular processes in the inner ear cell damage andsurvival of sensorineural hearing loss， which will help researchers to identify the key molecular targets and providenew theoretical strategies for intervention and treatment of sensorineural hearing loss.