牛黄的临床应用及其用量探究

通过搜索古医籍和现代医家临床经验,总结出牛黄具有以下特点:汤剂中体外培育牛黄临床用量范围为0.1~0.3 g;丸剂中牛黄临床用量范围为0.02~0.42 g;散剂中牛黄的临床用量范围为0.3~3 g;人工牛黄临床用量范围为0.3~10 g;滴鼻剂、膏剂中人工牛黄临床用量范围为30~40 g。根据疾病、证型、症状寻求最佳用量,如豁痰开窍、凉血醒神治疗心衰、中风、高血压等心脑血管疾病,汤剂中常用0.3 g,丸、散剂中用量范围为0.02~3 g,滴鼻剂中常用40 g;清热解毒治疗小儿乳蛾、带状疱疹、糖尿病性坏疽等呼吸系统疾病及皮肤病,汤剂中常用0.1 g,丸、散剂中用量范围为0.15~10 g,膏剂中常用30 g。根据疾病、证型及症状,配伍相应中药,如豁痰开窍、凉血醒神配伍朱砂、麝香、羚羊角等;清热解毒配伍蟾酥、大黄等。

Exploring the clinical application and dosage of bezoar

Based on the collection of ancient medical records and clinical experience of modern physicians,it is concluded that bezoar has the following characteristics:The clinical dosage range of bezoar,cultivated in vitro,in decoction is 0.1-0.3 g,while in pills 0.02-0.42 g,in powders 0.3-3 g.The clinical dosage range of artifi cial bezoar is 0.3-10 g,while in nasal drops or ointment 30-40 g.The optimal dosage is determined according to varying diseases,syndrome types and symptoms.For instance,when used for eliminating phlegm and resuscitation,cooling blood and refreshing vitality to treat heart failure,stroke,hypertension and other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases,the best dosage range in decoction is 0.3 g,in pills or powders 0.02-3 g,in nasal drops 40 g.When used for clearing away heat and detoxifying to treat infantile milk moths,herpes zoster,diabetic gangrene and other respiratory diseases and skin diseases,the best dosage range in decoction is 0.1 g,in pills or powders 0.15-10 g,in ointment 30 g.According to varying diseases,syndrome types and symptoms,bezoar is compatible with corresponding Chinese medicines.For example,it is often compatible with cinnabar,musk and antelope horn for eliminating phlegm and resuscitation,cooling blood and refreshing vitality.It is often compatible with toad venom and rhubarb root and rhizome for clearing away heat and detoxifying.