产后访视前对产妇产褥期知识的知晓度调查

目的了解东莞市产妇在产后访视前对产褥期知识的了解情况及其影响因素，为社区开展产后访视工作提供方向和依据。方法采用目的抽样法抽取东莞市产妇407名进行自填式问卷调查，并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果东莞市产妇产褥期知识总成绩分布是51．3—79．8分，平均成绩是（58．89±3．30）分。对不同户籍所在地、学历、职业、孕产史及是否具有孕妇学校学习经历的产妇进行比较，差异均有统计学意义（p〈0．05）。具有户籍在城市、学历高、经产妇、具有孕妇学校学习经历及有工作的产妇，她们的得分情况明显高于其它产妇；不同年龄的产妇的得分情况无统计学意义（p〉0．05）。产妇对产褥期知识的需求主要体现在：新生儿沐浴与抚触、新生儿黄疸、产褥期的营养、产后健身操及产后抑郁症等几个方面。结论必须从怀孕前开始做好系统的围生期健康教育，并根据文化层次和接受程度的不同，提供个体化、系统性的健康教育和护理技能指导，提高产妇的产褥期知识水平，促进母婴健康。

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE PUERPERIUM KNOWLEDGE AWARENESS OF PUERPERAE BEFORE POSTPARTUM VISIT

Objective To learn that how much puerperium knowledge have puerperae of Donggnan mastered before postpartum visits and find out its important affect factors to provide direction and basis for community postpartum visits. Methods A self- administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 407 puerperae in Dongguan selected by purposive sampling, and then gave a statistical analysis of survey results. Results The scores of puerperium knowledge questionnaire survey range between 51.3 ± 79. 8, and average scores are （58.89 ± 3.30 ）. Put the questionnaire survey results of study objects of different domicile place, education, profession, history of pregnancy, learning experience of pregnancy school, the differences were statistically significant（p 〈 0. 05 ）. The pregnant women who have urban residence permit, who have high - levels of education, who have steady job, who have learning expe- rience of pregnancy school, who have given birth to more than one viable fetus or living child get higher scores than other puerperae. The scores of puerperae of different ages showed no statistically significant difference （p 〉 0. 05 ）. The needs of puerperium knowledge of puerperae in Donggnan mainly display in knowledge of bathing and massage of newborns, knowledge of neonatal jaundice, knowledge of puerperal nutrition, knowledge of postpartum body building exercise and postpartum depression. Conclusion We must do a systematic perinatal period health education before girls get pregnancy, and give individualized and systematic health education and nursing skill guidance based on the level of education and receptivity of audiences to improve the level of puerperium knowledge of puerperae and health level of mother and infant.