HIV感染无症状期患者中医证型分布规律研究

目的探讨HIV感染无症状期患者中医证型分布规律。方法选择2009年3月-2011年10月就诊的1156例HIV感染无症状期患者，从年龄段、可能感染时间、病程及不同感染途径四个方面，采用X^2检验比较分析其中医证型分布规律。结果总证型中以气虚证和湿热内蕴证为主；随着年龄的增长，气虚证比例呈增长趋势，而湿热内蕴证比例下降趋势明显，其他证型变化不明显，各年龄段中各证型间分布比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。在15年内，随着感染时间的增长，气虚证比例呈增长趋势，而湿热内蕴证比例呈下降趋势，其他证型变化未见明显规律，各证型间分布比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；病程方面，随病程的增加，各证型例数呈明显下降趋势，但气虚证、湿热内蕴证在各阶段仍占较高比率，各证型间分布比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；各感染途径中，有偿献血、输血感染、静脉吸毒中气虚证所占比率最高，性传播中湿热内蕴证比率较高；其他证型变化未见明显规律，各证型间分布比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论HIV感染无症状期以气虚证、湿热内蕴证及无证可辨为主，“虚”和“湿”是HIV感染无症状期患者的重要病理因素。

Research on Chinese Medicine Syndrome Distribution of Asymptomatic HIV Infection Patients

Objective To explore Chinese medicine syndrome distribution laws of asymptomatic HIV infection patients. Methods Using Chi-square test, Chinese medicine syndrome distribution laws were compared and analyzed in 1 156 asymptomatic HIV infection patients from March 2009 to October 2011 from four aspects, i.e., age, possible infection time, disease duration, and different routes of infection. Results Qi deficiency syndrome （QDS） and internal dampness-heat accumulation syndrome （IDHAS） were domi- nant in all syndrome types. Along with aging, QDS showed a growing tendency, while IDHAS showed obvi- ous declining tendency. There was no obvious change in other syndrome types. There was statistical differ- ence in the distribution of each syndrome type among each age period （P 〈0.01 ）. Within 15 years, along with the increase of infection time, QDS showed a growing tendency, while IDHAS ratio showed an obvious declining tendency. No obvious laws were found in other syndrome types. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type （P 〈0.01 ）. Along with the prolongation of disease duration, the case number of each syndrome showed a decreasing trend, but QDS and IDHAS still accounted for higher ratios in each stage. There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type （P 〈0.01 ）. As for infection routes, QDS was predominant in paid blood donation, blood transfusion infection, intravenous drugs. IDHAS was predominant in sexual transmit. No obvious laws were found in other syndrome types There was statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome type （P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions DIS, IDHAS, and no confrimable syndrome typing were dominant in asymptomatic HIV infection patients. Deficiency and dampness were important pathological factors for them.