Quantitative Panoramic Imaging of Epicardial Electrical Activity |
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Authors: | Qing Lou Crystal M Ripplinger Philip V Bayly Igor R Efimov |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA |
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Abstract: | Fluorescent imaging with voltage- and/or calcium-sensitive dyes has revolutionized cardiac physiology research. Here we present
improved panoramic imaging for optically mapping electrical activity from the entire epicardium of the Langendorff-perfused
rabbit heart. Combined with reconstruction of the 3D heart surface, the functional data can be conveniently visualized on
the realistic heart geometry. Methods to quantify the panoramic data set are introduced by first describing a simple approach
to mesh the heart in regular grid form. The regular grid mesh provides substrate for easy translation of previously available
non-linear dynamics methods for 2D array data. It also simplifies the unwrapping of curved three-dimensional surface to 2D
surface for global epicardial visualization of the functional data. The translated quantification methods include activation
maps (isochrones), phase maps, phase singularity, and electric stimulus-induced virtual electrode polarization (VEP) maps.
We also adapt a method to calculate the conduction velocities on the global epicardial surface by taking the curvature of
the heart surface into account. |
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Keywords: | Panoramic fluorescent imaging Optical mapping Action potential Mesh Unwrapping Conduction velocity |
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