固定矫治技术配合微种植体支抗压低磨牙的临床研究

目的探索口腔正畸临床应用微种植体支抗压低磨牙的方法与效果。方法用微种植体支抗和固定矫治技术对10例伴17颗上颌伸长磨牙的各类错畸形进行了矫治,共种植微螺钉34枚,种植于伸长磨牙的颊侧近远中牙槽间隔,种植后即刻用结扎丝结扎,2周后负载,并对种植体支抗压低磨牙所需的时间、采用的方法和效果进行计算和评价,对强支抗病例及磨牙牙周情况较差不宜作为支抗牙的病例,种植于伸长磨牙的近中的微螺钉还可用做后续支抗关闭拔牙间隙。结果17颗上颌伸长磨牙均获得了有效压低,平均压低2.8mm±1.3mm,压低时间平均3.2±0.7个月,压低后的磨牙颊舌向转矩正常,未出现舌尖伸长现象,10例错畸形病例也获得了满意的矫治效果。结论微种植体支抗可有效压低伸长磨牙,且由于配合了固定矫治技术,微螺钉只需种植在伸长磨牙的颊侧近远中牙槽骨,压低过程中磨牙的颊舌向转矩在固定矫治的过程中可得到有效控制,对强支抗等特殊要求病例,压低作用完成后的微螺钉还可作为支抗内收前牙及关闭拔牙间隙。

Intrusion of overerupted molars with microscrew implant and fixed appliance

Objective To investigate the effects of microscrew implant anchorage （MIA） on molar intrusion. Methods Ten orthodontic patients with overcrupted molars （seventeen overerupted molars ） were treated with MIA and fixed appliance. Thirty four microscrew implants were implanted into the mesial - buccal or distal - buccal alveolar bone of the molars. The implants were ligated with ligature wire to overerupted molars immediately after implantation and loaded in two weeks. The treatment period, methods and effects on molar intrusion were evaluated. The microscrew implants could also be used to reinforce the anchorages. Results All overerupted molars were intruded perfectly （2.8mm ± 1.3mm）. The average period of the intrusion was 3.2 - 0.7 months. Conclusion The overerupted molar could be intruded with MIA and fixed appliance efficiently. The microscrew implants were implanted only at the buccal side and the torque of molars was controlled well with fixed appliance.