Surgical complications and outcome of pediatric liver transplantation in Hong Kong

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the early and late results of pediatric liver transplantation, with particular reference to complications that required surgical or radiologic intervention. Methods: The records and code sheets of children who underwent liver transplantation in the authors' institution between September 1993 and December 2001 were reviewed. Results: Twenty-nine children (16 boys and 13 girls) underwent 31 liver transplantations (23 living donor, 8 cadaveric donor) during the study period. The ages of the children ranged from 4 months to 132 months (median, 16 months). Eighteen children had complications that required surgical or radiologic interventional procedures. Complications included, among others, hepatic vein thrombosis (n = 1, 3%), hepatic vein stenosis (n = 2, 7%), portal vein thrombosis (n = 2, 7%), biliary stricture (n = 3, 10%), bile leakage (n = 2, 7%), hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (n = 1, 3%), jejuno-jejunostomy leakage (n = 1, 3%), graft hepatitis (n = 1, 3%), and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (n = 2, 7%). In addition, 6 children (21%) suffered from intraabdominal bleeding from a variety of causes. After appropriate interventions, at a median follow-up of 38 months (range, 1 to 96 months), patient and graft survival rates were 79% and 74%, respectively. The retransplantation rate was only 7%. There was no incidence of hepatic artery thrombosis. All living donors remain alive and well. Conclusions: Complications are inevitable in pediatric liver transplantation. However, with timely recognition and active intervention, a good outcome can be achieved.