公共场所和工作场所环境空气中烟草烟雾污染状况的研究

目的 了解北京市东城区公共场所和工作场所环境中烟草烟雾的暴露情况及其影响因素.方法 于2004年1-2月选取北京市东城区14家公共场所和工作场所,采用被动式尼古丁采样器对场所环境空气中的尼古丁水平进行监测.应用多元线性回归方程对影响尼古丁浓度的因素进行分析.结果 14家公共场所和工作场所中的所有采样点均检测到了尼古丁,其浓度中位数为3.01 μg/m3,浓度范围为0.03～28.72 μg/m3.完全禁烟场所检测到的尼古丁浓度中位数最低,而在无禁烟规定的场所中检测到的尼古丁浓度中位数最高.影响室内空气中尼古丁浓度的因素较多,包括禁烟规定、吸烟人数和房屋面积等,其中吸烟人数是最重要的因素.结论 目前,公共场所和工作场所的环境烟草烟雾暴露已成为重要的公共卫生和职业健康问题,吸烟人数对空气中尼古丁浓度的影响最大.

Investigation of Contamination Level of Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Public Places and Workplaces

Objective To investigate the contamination level of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the public places and workplaces in Dongcheng district of Beijing and identify the influencing factors for ETS exposure. Methods The contamination level of ETS in 14 public places and workplaces of Dongcheng district were monitored with passive sampler of vapor-phase nicotine during Apr.-Feb.,2004. Results Nicotine was detected from all monitor sites at the 14 locations. The lowest air nicotine concentration was detected in no smoking places and the highest one was detected in non-regulation places. There were many factors which were found to influence the indoor air nicotine concentration,including legislation,the number of smokers and the room space,etc. The most significant factor was found to be the numbers of smokers. Conclusion Exposure to ETS in the pubic places and workplaces has become a major pubic and occupational health issue at present.