59例假丝酵母菌属菌血症的危险因素与预后分析

目的研究危重住院患者获得性假丝酵母菌属菌血症的危险因素。方法分析1990-2004年间某院59例假丝酵母菌属菌血症和61例细菌菌血症的危重患者的临床资料,对假丝酵母菌属菌血症的危险因素进行回顾性研究。结果59例假丝酵母菌属菌血症中白色假丝酵母菌18株（30.5%）居首位;其后依次为热带假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、近平滑假丝酵母菌及12株其他假丝酵母菌;在59例假丝酵母菌属菌血症患者中,53例（89.8%）采用过放化疗,34例（57.6%）长期留置导尿管,47例（79.7%）采用呼吸机进行机械通气,23例（39.0%）应用中心静脉插管,同时,患者还接受了多种广谱抗菌药物的治疗。结论白色假丝酵母菌为假丝酵母菌属菌血症的首要致病菌;应用喹诺酮类抗菌药物、放化疗、使用中心静脉插管、机械性通气均会增加假丝酵母菌属菌血症的发病率。

Risk Factors of Nosocomial Invasive Candidemia: Analysis and Prognosis of 59 Cases of Candidemia

OBJECTIVE To investigate predisposing factors of candidemia in nosocomial infections.METHODS To retrospectively review the clinical features of 120 cases,including 59 who developed candidemia and 61 cases with bacteremia during the period of 1990-2004.RESULTS The incidence of candidemia was stable over a 14-year period.Candida albicans remained the predominant Candida species recovered(30.5%),followed by C.tropicalis(25.7%),C.glabrata(12.9%),C.parapsilosis(12.9%) and others(17.1%).Of the total 59 cases of candidemia,were administrated by broad spectrum antibiotic therapy for long time,urinary catheters,malignant tumor,etc.Multivariate analysis showed that candidemia was related with many factors.CONCLUSIONS C.albicans was the major pathogen in our hospital during 14 years;the candidemia is related with the use of quinolones,ventilator,central venous catheters and radiation-chemotherapy(P<0.05).