The roles of host and pathogen factors and the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection |
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| Authors: | Xingmin Sun Simon A. Hirota |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA;2. Tufts University, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, MA 02111, USA;3. University of Calgary, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is the most common cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the etiologic agent of pseudomembranous colitis. The clinical manifestation of C. difficile infection (CDI) is highly variable, from asymptomatic carriage, to mild self-limiting diarrhea, to the more severe pseudomembranous colitis. Furthermore, in extreme cases, colonic inflammation and tissue damage can lead to toxic megacolon, a condition requiring surgical intervention. |
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| Keywords: | Clostridium difficile infection Virulence factors Pathogenesis Innate immune response |
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