低浓度1-溴丙烷对接触者神经系统的影响

[目的]观察低浓度1-溴丙烷(1-BP)接触对人外周神经系统和中枢神经系统功能的影响。[方法]以25名1-BP接触工人为接触组(其中男性17人)和25名非接触工人为对照组(其中男性17人),使用问卷调查收集研究对象的年龄、性别和吸烟、饮酒状况及教育程度等信息,测定1-BP接触的时间加权平均浓度(TWA),进行神经传导速度和神经行为学检查。[结果]接触组女性和暴露组女性相比,一般情况中除年龄(接触组女性年龄低于对照组,P<0．05)外,其他方面差别均无显著性;接触组男性和暴露组男性一般情况差别均无显著性。1-BP接触浓度的TWA平均值80．4(2．0-384．9)mg/m3;男性接触组与其对照组相比,运动神经传导速度减慢,末端潜伏期延长,简明情绪量表(profile of mood states,PMOS)表中紧张焦虑项得分增高,视觉记忆项得分降低,差异有显著性(P<0．05);女性接触组与其对照组各项比较差别均未见统计学意义(P>0．05)。[结论]低浓度1-BP暴露能对男性接触者外周神经传导速度和神经行为产生影响。

Changes in Nervous System of Workers Exposed to Low Concentration of 1-bromopropane

[Objective] To study the changes in function of peripheral and central nervous system of workers exposed to low concentration of 1-bromopropane (1-BP). [Methods] 25 workers exposed to 1-BP and another 25 non-exposed workers were chosen as study subjects. Questionnaires were used to collect the common conditions including age, sex, smoking, drinking and so on. TWA(time weighted average)of 1-BP exposure levels were estimated with passive samplers. Neuroelectrophysiology studies and Neurobehavioral tests were done to detect the responses. [Results] There is no statistical difference between the common conditions of exposure group and control group except that the age in female exposure group is smaller that in control group. Average of TWA was 80.4 mg/m3. Compared with the male control group, male exposed workers not only had a slower motor-nerve conduct volecity (MCV)and a longer distal latency (DL), but also scored higher in the item of intensity-anxiety in POMS(profile of mood states)test and scored lower in the item of benton visual retention test, which were statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no significant differences observed in the indices for women(P>0.05). [Conclusion] Exposure to low concentration of 1-BP may affect the nerve conduction velocity and neurobehavior of male exposed workers.