中心静脉穿刺置管术在基层医院输液的应用

目的总结分析输液用中心静脉穿刺置管术的操作及术后护理,为经外周静脉输液困难的患者建立静脉输液通路提供一个途径。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2010年10月西安北车医院24例经外周静脉输液困难的患者,行中心静脉穿刺置管术的穿刺部位选择、穿刺要点、术后护理方法及并发症的发生情况。结果 （1）24例患者均成功行中心静脉穿刺置管术,术后输液通畅;（2）1例患者发生血肿,发生率为4.1%,2例患者发生置管处皮肤轻微感染,发生率为8.3%。未发生其他并发症。（3）导管平均留置时间（20±9）d。结论中心静脉穿刺置管术安全可靠,是经外周静脉输液困难的患者建立静脉输液通路的一个途径,可在基层医院广泛开展。

Central Venous Catheterization Using for Transfusion in The Basic Hospital

Objective To summarize and analyze central venous catheterization using for transfusion, including operation and postoperative care, which could found a method of intravenous transfusion for patients who can’t be transfused through peripheral vein.Methods To retrospectively analyze central venous catheterization using for transfusion for 24 patients whose peripheral vein transfusion were difficult in hospital of xi’an CNR in October 2009 to October 2010,and to discuss about the selection of puncture position, the main points of puncture, the postoperative care and the complications.Results （1）the 24 patients were all finished central venous catheterization successfully, and transfused easily after the operation;（2）there was only one patient who occurred haematoma （incidence rate was 4.1%） and two patients who showed light skin infection （incidence rate was 8.3%） after the operation, and there wasn’t other complications.（3）the average remaining days of the central venous catheters were （20±9）days.Results central venous catheterization is safety and useful, which could be a method of intravenous transfusion for patients who can’t be transfused through peripheral vein, and it couldbe evolved generally in the basic hospital.