西藏林芝地区中小学生结核菌素试验调查分析

目的调查西藏林芝地区中小学生结核菌素(PPD)试验结果,为结核病的防治提供依据。方法调查及分析2006~2008年西藏林芝地区3 987名中小学生的PPD检查结果,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果纳入的3 987名受检学生中,PPD阳性率、强阳性率和总体阳性率分别为11.4%、5.1%和16.5%,共发现5名学生患肺结核,患病率为125.4/10万。男生和女生的PPD阳性率、强阳性率分别为11.3%、4.4%和11.5%、5.7%。小学生和中学生的PPD阳性率、强阳性率分别为6.9%、3.9%和18.8%、7.1%,中学生PPD阳性率明显高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城镇、农村和流动人口中学生的PPD阳性率分别为16.5%、9.5%、8.9%,强阳性检出率分别为6.1%、4.8%、1.4%,城镇学生阳性和强阳性率均明显高于农村学生和流动人口学生(P<0.05)。藏族、汉族和其他少数民族学生的PPD强阳性检出率分别为5.2%、4.0%、6.0%,少数民族学生的PPD阳性率高于汉族(P<0.05)。结论林芝地区中小学生PPD阳性率较高,应加强对中小学生结核病的防控工作。

Investigation on PPD Test in Primary and Middle School Students in Nyingchi,Tibet

Objective To investigate the situation of tuberculosis （TB） infection in primary and middle school students and to provide scientific basis for TB prevention and control in Nyingchi. Methods Primary and middle school students in Nyingchi were investigated from 2006 to 2008 using a questionnaire, and purified protein derivative （PPD） tests were carried out among the sampling students. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS 13.0. Results In 3 987 included primary and middle students, the positive, strongly positive and overall positive rates of PPD were 11.4%, 5.1%, 16.5%, respectively. Five patients with TB were found in the investigation, and the prevalence was 125.4 per 100 000. The positive and strongly positive rates were 11.3% and 4.4% in male, 11.5% and 5.7% in female, respectively. The positive and strongly positive rates were 6.9% and 3.9% in primary school students, 18.8%, 7.1% in middle school students, respectively. Both the positive rate and strongly positive rate in middle school students were higher than those in primary school students （P〈0.05）. The positive rates in town, village and floating population were 16.5%, 9.5%, 8.9%, respectively, and their strongly positive rates were 6.1%, 4.8%, 1.4%, respectively. Both the positive rate and strongly positive rate in town were higher than those in village and floating population （P〈0.05）. The strongly positive rates in Tibetan, the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities were 5.2%, 4.0%, 6.0%, respectively. The strongly positive rates in Tibetan and other ethnic minorities were higher than those in the Han nationality （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The infection and prevalence rate of TB of primary and middle school students in Nyingchi are fairly high. TB prevention and control for the high-risk populations should be strengthened in primary and middle schools in Nyingchi.