四川省“4·20”芦山地震灾区儿童甲型肝炎疫苗和麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗群体性预防接种分析

目的评价四川省"4·20"芦山地震灾区儿童甲型肝炎(甲肝)疫苗(hepatitis A vaccine,Hep A)、麻腮风联合(麻风腮)减毒活疫苗(live,measles,mumps and rubella combined vaccine,MMR)群体性预防接种效果。方法四川省卫生厅安排于2013年5月6日~12日在芦山县、宝兴县全县及其他县受灾群众集中安置点开展了群体性预防接种工作,采用Hep A和MMR分别对18月龄~14岁儿童和8月龄~14岁儿童进行群体性预防接种。然后分析评价地震灾区报告和现场快速评估的Hep A和MMR接种率。结果截至2013年5月16日,雅安市8个县区共报告38?988人接种Hep A,38?696人接种MMR,报告接种率分别为99.01%和98.87%。芦山县、宝兴县2个重灾县Hep A和MMR评估接种率分别为97.40%和97.06%。结论四川省"4·20"芦山地震灾区Hep A、MMR群体性预防接种达到预期效果。及时决策、对口支援、儿童预防接种信息化建设等措施在此次群体性接种中发挥了重要作用。

Mass Vaccination Campaign of Hepatitis A Vaccine and Measles-Mumps-Rubella Live Attenuated Vaccine in Children in Stricken Regions of 4.20 Lushan Earthquake in Sichuan Province

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mass vaccination campaign of hepatitis A vaccine （Hep A） and Measles-Mumps-Rubella live attenuated vaccine （MMR） vaccine in children in stricken regions of 4.20 Lushan earthquake in Sichuan province. Methods As the requirements of Sichuan Provincial Health Bureau, the mass campaign was implemented in Lushan county, Baoxing county and the victim settlement localities of other 6 counties during May 6^th to 12^th, 2013. Hep A and MMR were vaccinated, which targeted children aged from 18 months to 14 years and children aged from 8 months to 14 years, respectively. The vaccination rates were evaluated through reports and on-site rapid review of earthquake regions. Results As of May 16^th, 2013, 38 988 doses of Hepatitis A vaccine and 38 696 doses of MMR vaccine were vaccinated in 8 counties of Ya＇an. Based on reports, the vaccination rates of Hep A and MMR vaccine of Ya＇an were 99.01% and 98.87%, respectively. Based on reviews, vaccination rates of Hep A and MMR vaccine of Lushan and Baoxing were 97.40% and 97.06%, respectively. Conclusion Mass vaccination campaign of Hep A and MMR in children in stricken regions of 4.20 Lushan earthquake in Sichuan province yields expected results. The mass campaign is well- organized and implemented effectively, and the coverage matches the requirements. Timely decision, assistance from associated prefectures and the establishment of Childhood Immunization Information System play an important role in the campaign.