汶川地震5年后四川省汉源县灾区居民生存质量调查

目的评价不同性别、年龄、民族、婚恋状况及不同受灾程度的地震灾区居民当前生理、心理、社会关系等方面的生存质量,了解汶川地震5年后灾区居民生存质量状况。方法采用世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的生存质量简表WHOQOL-BREF对四川省汉源县地震灾区500人进行问卷调查,分析其生存质量状况及相关影响因素。结果汶川地震5年后,灾区居民生存质量总体及各因子水平仍明显低于全国常模(P<0.001);男性在社会关系领域因子得分明显高于女性(t=3.963,P<0.001);未成年人在生存质量总分和社会关系领域因子得分明显低于成年人(t=–2.667,P<0.01;t=–19.287,P<0.001);未婚者的社会关系质量明显低于已婚者和同居者(P<0.001;P<0.01)。结论汶川地震5年后,灾区民众的生存质量仍明显低于全国一般水平;男性在社会关系领域的生存质量明显低于女性;未成年人与成年人相比,生存质量总体和社会关系领域均处于较差状态;已婚者和同居者的社会关系质量均优于未婚者,说明稳定的亲密关系有助于提高灾区居民的生存质量;另外,相较于地震中无损失或受损一般的居民,严重受损的居民其生存质量总体及环境领域的状况较差。

Survey on Quality of Life of Residents in Stricken Area Five Years after Wenchuan Earthquake

ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of life of residents in stricken area five years after Wenchuan earthquake, so as to explore the main influential factors such as gender, age, ethnic group, marriage status and the extent affected by the earthquake. MethodsUsing WHOQOL-BREF, 500 residents from Hanyuan county in Sichuan province were assessed in order to analyze their life quality and related factors. ResultsThe score on the overall WHOQOL-BREF and the level of each factor were significantly lower than the score on the normal people （P〈0.001）. Male score in the factor of social relations significantly higher than female （t=3.963, P〈0.001）. The overall score and the score of social factor were significantly lower in the minor than in the adults （t= –2.667, P〈0.01; t= –19.287, P〈0.001）. And the quality score of social relationship was significantly lower in the single than in the married and cohabiting couples （P〈0.001; P〈0.01）. ConclusionThe quality of life of residents in stricken area five years after Wenchuan earthquake was significantly lower than the national norm. There are significant differences in terms of gender, age, marriage status and earthquake damage on social relations. Steady intimate relationships with others help improve the quality of life of residents in stricken area. Besides, compared those with average damage or no damage, the residents with serious damage are relatively worse in the overall quality of life as well as environmental conditions.