军校新生急性应激反应的相关因素研究

目的 分析军校新生急性应激反应的相关因素,构建自我效能感、社会支持、应对方式、状态焦虑、特质焦虑与急性应激反应之间的路径模型.方法 采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES),领悟社会支持量表(PSSS),应对方式问卷,状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI),急性应激反应量表(ASRS),对584名军校新生进行抽样调查.结果 ①急性应激反应量表各因子得分较低,其中认知改变较重(0.21±0.21)分],病理改变较轻(0.053±0.114)分].②急性应激反应与自我效能感、社会支持及积极应对、消极应对、状态焦虑和特质焦虑显著相关(P＜0.01).③消极应对(路径系数=0.130)、状态焦虑(路径系数=0.002)和特质焦虑(路径系数=0.005)直接影响新牛的急性应激反应,同时,自我效能感(路径系数=- 1.292)通过状态焦虑间接影响急性应激反应,自我效能感(路径系数=-7.465)以及社会支持(路径系数=-0.294)都通过特质焦虑间接影响急性应激反应.结论 军校新生急性应激反应受消极应对、特质焦虑和状态焦虑的直接影响,其中消极应对方式是导致急性应激反应的最主要原因.

A study of the related factors about acute stress responses of the military freshmen

Objective To explore the related factors about acute stress responses of the military freshmen,then built a path model among self-efficacy,social support,coping style,state-trait anxiety and acute stress responses.Methods 584 students were tested by General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),Coping Styles Questionnaire,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Acute Stress Response Scale ( ASP S).Results ①The military freshmen in each factor of acute stress response got a lower score,especially the mean score of the changes of cognition was higher (0.21 ±0.21 ),compared with the other factors,and the changes of pathology (0.053 ±0.114) was lower.②There were significant correlations between self-efficacy,social support,positive coping,negative coping,state anxiety,trait anxiety and acute stress responses (P ＜ 0.01 ).③ Negative coping( r=0.130),trait anxiety(r=0.005) and state anxiety(r=0.002) influenced ASR directly,meanwhile,self-efficacy( r =-1.292) influenced ASR through the state anxiety indirectly,self-efficacy ( r=-7.465 ) and social support ( r =-0.294) influenced ASR indirectly through trait anxiety.Conclusion Acute stress responses of the military freshmen were directly influenced by negative coping and state-trait anxiety,and negative coping style was the main reason.