水迷宫训练对老年性痴呆大鼠的防治作用

目的探讨水迷宫训练对老年性痴呆大鼠的防治作用及其机制。方法48只sD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、水迷宫短期训练组（short-term drill group of water-maze, WMDS）和水迷宫长期训练组（10ng—term drill group of water—maze，WMDL）；以穹隆-海马伞切断进行“老年性痴呆”造模，水迷宫训练后，断头取脑制备海马匀浆，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定海马区TNF—α的水平，比色法检测海马组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量，并评价大鼠的学习能力。结果模型组大鼠的TNF-α水平、MDA含量较对照组明显增加（P〈0．叭），而SOD活性明显降低（P〈0．05）；水迷宫短期和长期训练组大鼠的TNF-α、MDA较对照组均明显增高（P〈0．05），而SOD活性均明显降低（P〈0．01）；水迷宫短期和长期训练组大鼠的TNF-α较模型组均明显降低（P〈0．05），而SOD活性均明显增加（P〈0．01）；而且短期训练组与长期训练组TNF-α、MDA和SOD活性之间均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论水迷宫训练可增强动物海马部位SOD含量，可能通过减少炎症介质TNF-α以及发挥抗氧化的作用，在一定程度上有利于老年性痴呆的改善。

A Study on the Protective Effects and Mechanism of Water Maze Training on Senile Dementia Rats

Objective To investigate the preventive effect and mechanism of water maze drill （WMD） on senile dementia rats.Metheds 48 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group,short-term drill group of water-maze （WMDS） and long-term drill group of water-maze （WMDL）;AD models were built by cutting the relation of fornix and hippocampal fimbria.After the WMD, the brains were removed and hippocampal homogenate was prepared. Then enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to measure the level of TNF- αin the hippocampus, colorimetric method to detect superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in tissue homogenate, and the learning ability of rats was evaluated.Results TNF-o~ levels and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in model group rats increased significantly than those in the control group （P〈0.01）, while superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity decreased significantly （P〈0.05） ; TNF-α and MDA in short-term and long-term training group of water maze were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈 0.05）, while superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity decreased （P〈0.01） ;TNF-α and MDA, in short-term and long-term training groups of water maze were significantly reduced than those in the model group （P〈0.05）, while superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was significantly increased （P〈0.0]） ;and short-term training group and long-term training group TNF-α levels （MDA） content （SOD） showed significant differences （P〈0.05） .Conclusion The water maze training can enhance the content of SOD in the hippocampus animal. It is beneficial to the senile dementia to a certain extent by reducing the inflammatory mediators TNF-α levels and a- chieving antioxidant effects.