复合血管内皮细胞组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损的研究

目的探讨血管内皮细胞构建的组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损。方法实验分为三组，A组：兔成骨细胞（rabbit osteoblast，ROB）和血管内皮细胞（rabbit vascular endothelial cell，RVEC）复合外消旋聚乳酸（poly-DL-lacide，PDLLA）；B组：单纯成骨细胞复合PDLLA，C组：单纯PDLLA。分别修复兔下颌骨缺损，手术后4周、8周通过形态学、X线观察骨缺损修复及血管化情况。结果A组骨组织形成与血管化程度均高于B组，在材料中心区可见有血管形成，越靠近血管成骨越多。X线观察，A组：骨缺损区阴影面积明显减小，材料植入区可见骨组织影像；B组：缺损面积减小，骨组织影像增加，中心区影像低于周围区域。C组：缺损区未见骨组织影像，周围可见骨痂形成。结论复合血管内皮细胞和成骨细胞的细胞支架复合体无论在成骨还是血管化方面均好于单纯成骨细胞复合支架植入组。

Experiment study of repairing mandibular defects with compound of tissue engineering bone and vascular endothelial cells

Objective To study the use of a compound of tissue engineering bone and vascular endothelial cells in repair of mandibular defects of rabbit. Methods A total of 12 adult Japanese white rabbits were used in this study. The mandibular body non-continuous marginal defect of 1.0 cm × 1.5 cm was created and repaired using three materials ： Group A was ROB ＋ RVEC/PDLLA ; Group B was ROB/PDLLA ; Group C was PDLLA. Four weeks and 8 weeks post-operation, specimens were harvested and observed for new bone formation and vascularization by gross examination, histology and X- ray. Results Group A showed more new bone formation and higher level of vascularization than group B and group C. In group A, radiographic evaluation showed that the shadows of defects were decreased significantly. In group B the defect area became smaller, but radiopaque was not observed in group C. Conclusion A compound of tissue engineering bone and vascular endothelial cells showed better results either in bone formation or in vascularization than ROB/PDLLA and PDLLA.