2009-2012年广州市黄埔区居民死因分析

目的分析2009-2012年广州市黄埔区居民的主要死亡原因,了解居民健康状况,为制定疾病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集《国家疾病监测死因登记报告信息系统》中广州市黄埔区2009-2012年户籍居民死亡病例数据,采用描述流行病学方法、运用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析,计算人群粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成、平均期望寿命等指标。结果广州市黄埔区2009-2012年居民平均死亡率476.37/10万(标化死亡率322.69/10万),其中男性平均死亡率为527.46/10万(标化死亡率401.98/10万),女性平均死亡率为417.43/10万(标化死亡率243.91/10万),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2009-2010年黄埔区居民平均期望寿命80.31岁,其中男性为78.57岁,女性为82.18岁。死亡率前5位的死因依次为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病和诊断不明性疾病,占全死因构成的76.72%;死因监测三大类分析中慢性病占总死亡原因的79.52%。结论黄埔区居民的死亡以慢性疾病为主,其中恶性肿瘤是危害居民健康的主要疾病和死因,对居民进行肿瘤防治知识普及、预防和干预是今后工作的重点。

Trends in the leading causes of death in the Huangpu district of Guangzhou from 2009 to 2012

Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the main causes of death and health status among residents in Huangpu district of Guangzhou city from 2009 to 2012, which could provide scientific basis for health policy formulation and disease prevention and control. Methods Information about mortality of resident populations in Huangpu district of Guangzhou during the period from 2009 to 2012 was collected from the National Disease Surveillance Points （DSP） System and the Ministry of Heahh-Vital Registration system. The crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate （SMR）, causes of death, and the average life expectancy were calculated, and analyzed using SPSS17.0 software. Results The average mortality rate was 476.37/105 （SMR：322.69/105） for residents in Huangpu district between 2009 and 2012; 527.46/10s （SMR：401.98/105） for male and 417.43/105 （SMR：243.91/105） for female, with statistical significant difference （P〈0.05）.The average life expectancy of residents is 80.31 years old in huangpu district from 2009 to 2102.Average male life expectancy is 78.57 years old and female 82.18 years old. The top five causes of death were cancer, heart disease, respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular disease and undiagnosed diseases,accounted for 76.72% of all deaths. The results of analysis on trends in mortality of the three leading causes of death revealed that chronic diseases accounted for 79.52% of all deaths. Conclusions Conceivably, this work demonstrated that the chronic diseases, especially cancer might be the main cause of death for residents in Huangpu district. This study provided relevant information for the development of disease control and prevention strategies, especially for cancer.