国际植物药高价值专利分析及应对策略

目的 了解全球植物药高价值专利布局现状和趋势，总结专利组合的类型，并分析典型案例，为植物药领域高价值专利的培育策略提供数据支撑。方法 以Patsnap专利数据库为数据源进行检索，筛选国际植物药高价值专利，对专利的地域分布、适应症分布、申请人类型以及高价值类型进行分析，挖掘高价值专利组合，并深入分析专利组合策略。结果 共检索到446 445条专利，根据纳入和排除标准，最终纳入24 852条高价值专利，50%为转让专利，申请人类型以企业为主，高价值专利分布在50个国家、地区和组织，皮肤病、代谢疾病以及消化系统疾病是研究热点，大麻专利数量最多，专利数量排名前10的包含5种常见中药（人参、银杏、姜黄、丹参、甘草）。初步整理出400余个专利组合，总结出核心技术保护、占据先发优势、对抗行业竞争对手3种专利组合模式。结论 在植物药领域，应坚持以市场为驱动导向，加强国际交流与合作，培育高价值专利，并以单个专利为基础，综合考虑市场现状、竞争对手运行策略以及产品需求等因素，选择恰当的专利组合策略，构建植物药高价值专利组合，完善专利保护体系，促进植物药领域的繁荣发展。

Analysis and countermeasures of high-value international patents of botanical medicine

Objective To understand the current situation and trend of global botanical high-value patent layout, summarize the types of patent portfolios, and analyze typical cases, so as to provide data support for the cultivation strategy of high-value patents in the field of botanical medicine. Methods Patsnap patent database was used as the data source to search high-value international patents of botanical medicines, and the geographical distribution, indication distribution, applicant type and high-value type of patents were analyzed to mine high-value patent portfolios, and deeply analyze patent portfolio strategies. Results A total of 446 445 patents were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 852 high-value patents were finally included, 50% of which were transfer patents, the type of applicant was mainly enterprise, high value patents were distributed in 50 countries, regions and organizations. Skin diseases, metabolic diseases and digestive system diseases were research hotspots, cannabis has the largest number of patents, and the top 10 patents include five common traditional Chinese medicinesRenshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Yinxing (Ginkgo biloba), Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)]. More than 400 patent portfolios were preliminarily sorted out, and three patent portfolio modes of protecting core technologies, occupying first-mover advantages, and confronting industry competitors were summarized.Conclusion In the field of botanical medicines, we should adhere to the market-driven orientation, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, cultivate high-value patents. On the basis of a single patent, comprehensively considering market status, competitor operation strategies and product demand, we should select an appropriate patent portfolio strategy, build a high-value patent portfolio for botanicals, improve the patent protection system, and promote the prosperity and development of the field of botanicals.