复发性流产患者阴道菌群特征

目的：分析复发性流产（recurrent spontaneous abortion,RSA）患者阴道菌群特征。方法：采集2020年12月—2021年9月就诊于山西省妇幼保健院的20例不明原因RSA患者（RSA组）和20例正常早孕人工流产患者（对照组）的阴道分泌物,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析2组患者阴道菌群的差异。结果：α多样性分析显示,2组Chao1指数、Shannon指数、Observed_OTU指数比较,差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。β多样性分析显示,2组阴道细菌群落结构显著不同（P<0.05）。分类学分析显示,在门、科、属水平,2组共同的优势菌为假单胞菌（变形菌门）,假单胞菌在RSA组中门、科、属水平的丰度分别为22.8%、21.9%、21.9%,在对照组中的丰度分别为17.9%、17.3%、17.3%,RSA组假单胞菌的丰度明显增加。结论：RSA患者存在阴道菌群失衡,特定菌属（如假单胞菌）可能与RSA发生、发展有关。

Characteristics of Vaginal Flora in Patients with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of vaginal flora in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Methods: The vaginal secretions of 20 patients with unexplained RSA (RSA group) and 20 women with normal early pregnancy abortion (control group) from December 2020 to September 2021 were collected. The vaginal flora of vaginal secretions were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. Results: The α diversity analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Observed_OTU index between the two groups (all P>0.05). The β diversity analysis showed the significant difference in the vaginal bacterial community structure between the two groups (P<0.05). Taxonomic analysis showed that the common dominant bacteria at the gate, family and genus levels were Pseudomonas (Proteobacteria) in the two groups, and that the abundance of Pseudomonas in the RSA group at the gate, family and genus levels was 22.8%, 21.9%, and 21.9%, while the abundance of Pseudomonas in the control group was 17.9%, 17.3% and 17.3%, respectively. The abundance of Pseudomonas in the RSA group was increased significantly than that in the control group. Conclusions: Patients with RSA have vaginal flora imbalance, and the specific bacteria (such as Pseudomonas) may be related with the occurrence and development of RSA.