人结肠鳞癌直肠鳞腺癌SCID鼠原位移植高转移模型的建立及其生物学特性的研究

目的 建立人结肠鳞癌直肠鳞腺癌SCID鼠原位移植高转移模型,为探讨理想的治疗结肠癌肝转移和预防结肠癌根治术后肝转移的方法提供实验工具。方法 采用组织学完整的结肠癌手术标本植入SCID鼠结直肠（粘膜层）壁内,观察原位移植的成瘤、移植瘤的侵袭和转移及其形态学特征（光镜、电镜、免疫组织化学）。结果 两株人结肠癌SCID鼠均获原位移植成功。人结肠鳞癌SCID鼠原位移植模型HCS-HMN-1已传至19代,人直肠鳞癌SCID鼠原位移植模型HRSA-HMN-2已传至23代,共移植SCID鼠223只,其移植生长率和自发转移率及液氮冻存复苏成活率均为100％,移植瘤在结直肠内呈广泛原位侵袭性生长、淋巴结转移、肝转移和全腹腔播散转移。并具有分泌CEA的功能。移植瘤细胞病理学和电镜观察、流式细胞仪DNA含量检测及染色体核型分析与瘤源人结直肠癌细胞完全一致。结论 本研究所建立的两株人结直肠癌SCID鼠高转移模型完整地模拟了人结直肠癌侵袭和转移的临床过程。为进一步研究结直肠癌肝转移、治疗和预防结直肠癌根治术后肝转移的方法提供了理想的实验动物模型。

High metastasis models of human colon squamous cell carcinoma and rectal squamous adenocarcinoma in SCID mice and their biologic characteristics

Objective To establish high metastasis models of human colon squamous cell carcinoma and rectum squamous adenocarcinoma by orthotopic transplantation in SCID mice. Methods Orthotopic transplantation of histologic intact colorectal carcinoma tissue from patients into colorectal mucosa of SCID mice. Tumorgenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplantation tumors were studied by light microscope, electronic microscope, and immunohistochemistry. Results Two strains of human colorectal carcinoma in SCID mice were successfully orthotopic transplanted. The model of human colon squamous cell carcinoma (HCS - HMN - 1) and human rectum squamous adenocarcinoma (HRSA - HMN - 2) had been passed in vivo for 19 and 23 generations respectively. 223 SCID mice were transplanted, the transplantation growth rate, and the spontaneous metastasis rates were 100%. The transplantation tumor which had the ability of secreting CEA grew in colorectum accompanied by lymph nodes metastasis, liver metastasis, and carcinosis. The transplanted tumor were similar to the original human colorectal carcinoma in histopathological, ultrastructural features, DNA content and chromosomal karyatype. Conclusions The high metastasis models of two strains of human colorectal carcinoma simulated the clinic process of invasion and metastasis models of two strains of human colorectal carcinoma and provided an ideal model for the study of the treatment and prophylaxis of it.