重型颅脑损伤患者肠内营养相关性腹泻调查分析

目的探讨重度颅脑损伤患者肠内营养相关性腹泻的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2012年8月入住新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院神经外科监护室、外科ICU的重症颅脑损伤患者471例的临床资料，记录患者的病历资料、营养液使用情况及有无腹泻，分析影响腹泻的影因素。结果腹泻发生率为22．3％（105／471），血清白蛋白、急性病生理和慢性健康评价Ⅱ评分、抗生素使用时间是腹泻发生的影响因素。连续泵人肠内营养液、膳食纤维使用、活菌制剂使用可有效控制腹泻，肠内营养液用量、能量密度对腹泻的发生无影响。结论重型颅脑损伤患者腹泻的发生率高，及时科学的处理是预防及治疗腹泻的关键。

Investigation and analysis of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea in patients with severe craniocerebral injury

Objective To study the influence factors of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods All 471 cases with severe craniocerebral injury in nerve surgery intensive care unit of autonomous region people＇s hospital from January 2011 to August 2012 were analyzed. Medical history, use of enteral nutrition liquid and with or without diarrhea were recorded. The risk factors of diarrhea were analyzed. Results The incidence of diarrhoea was 22.3% （ 105/471 ）. Serum albumin and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, antibiotics use were the risk factors for diarrhea. Continuous pumping, the use of dietary fiberand and active bacteria preparation could control diarrhea efficiently. Enteral nutrition liquid consumption, energy density had no effect on diarrhea. Conclusions The incidence of diarrhea in patients with severe eraniocerebral injury is high. Timely scientific processing is the key to prevention and treatment of diarrhea.