Differential tissue distribution of diverse clones of Trypanosoma cruzi in infected mice

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, presents variable clinical course but the phenomena underlying this variability remain largely unknown. T. cruzi has a clonal population structure and infecting strains are often multiclonal. T. cruzi genetic variability could be a determinant of differential tissue tropism or distribution and consequently of the clinical forms of the disease. We tested this hypothesis by using low-stringency single specific primer polymerase chain reaction (LSSP-PCR) to type genetically the parasites in tissues of experimental infected mice. BALB/c mice were simultaneously inoculated with two different T. cruzi populations (JG strain and Col1.7G2 clone). Doubly infected animals showed clear differential tissue distribution for the two populations (chronic phase). Our results indicate a significant influence of the genetic polymorphism of infecting T. cruzi populations in the pathogenesis of chronic Chagas disease.