中药靶向递送系统治疗脑胶质瘤研究进展

脑胶质瘤恶性程度高、预后差且易复发,严重威胁人类生命安全。现阶段临床脑胶质瘤治疗以手术治疗、放化疗等手段为主。然而手术治疗难以彻底切除,且放化疗对患者的副作用较为明显。多种中药有效成分表现出良好的脑胶质瘤抑制效果,但大部分药物存在溶解性差、稳定性差等问题,导致给药后体内生物利用度低,且由于血脑屏障的存在,中药治疗脑胶质瘤仍存在药物靶向性差和不良反应多等问题,导致治疗效果不佳。针对上述问题,近年来研究人员开发出各类药物递送系统以增加药物的脑内递送。中药靶向递送系统可经血液循环到达脑部深处,提高中枢神经系统药物的浓度及滞留时间,提高中药的脑胶质瘤靶向效率并减少不良反应,提高脑胶质瘤的治疗效果。综述可用于脑胶质瘤防治的中药有效成分以及国内外中药靶向递送系统在脑胶质瘤治疗中的最新研究进展,以期为中药活性成分靶向治疗脑胶质瘤提供思路。

Research progress of Chinese materia medica targeted delivery system in the treatment of glioma

Glioma, characterized by its high malignancy, poor prognosis, and easy recurrence, is severely threatening human life. Currently, clinical treatment of glioma includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, surgery could barely achieve complete eradication of glioma, and radiotherapy can cause noticeable side effects to patients. A variety of active ingredients of Chinese materia medica (CMM) have shown favorable inhibitory effects on glioma, most of which are impeded by poor solubility and stability, resulting in low in vivo bioavailability after drug administration. Moreover, due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier, problems such as poor drug targeting efficiency and adverse side effects exist in the treatment of glioma with CMM, leading to poor therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, researchers have developed various drug delivery systems to increase the intracerebral delivery of drugs to address these problems. Targeted drug delivery systems can penetrate deep into the brain via blood circulation and increase the concentration and retention time of CMM in the central nervous system with enhanced targeting efficiency and therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects. This paper reviews the latest research progress of the active ingredients of CMM based targeted delivery system for glioma prevention and treatment at home and abroad, hoping to provide insight into the active ingredients of CMM based glioma targeted treatment.