煤和煤矸石中金属析出的淋溶试验研究

目的了解煤和煤矸石在淋溶状态下重金属的溶出状况，为综合利用矿区资源提供科学依据。方法采集济宁二号井9采区，-740层煤样和其中煤矸石，分别运用pH=4、6、7、8的淋溶液进行24h淋滤后，测定其中铜、铅、砷、锌和六价铬的含量。结果煤和煤矸石中元素的析出量与淋溶液的pH有相关，随pH值的增大，铜、铅、砷、锌的析出量逐渐减少，而六价铬在碱性环境中更容易析出（煤：rCu=-0．923，rPb=-0．951，rCr6＋=0．924，rAs=-0．973，rAs=-0．996，P〈0．05；煤矸石：rCu=-0．956，rPh=-0．922，rCr6＋=0．915，rAs=-0．977，rAs=-0．991，P〈0．05）。结论煤和煤矸石通过淋溶可能形成环境的污染，相关部门应采取有效的治理和降解措施后，再进行综合开发利用。

Study on leaching experiments of heavy metals from coal and coal gangue in Jining

Objective To determine the concentration of heavy metals in reagents leached from coal and coal gangue of Jining,and to provide scientific evidence for rational use of water resources. Methods We collected coal and coal gangue samples from No. 9 mining district of-740 stratum from Jining II coal mine. We conducted 24 h leaching experiments with different pH value 4,6,7,8 solutions, and determined the concentration of mental ele- ments Cu,Pb,As,Zn,Cr6＋ in water and leaching solutions. Results Concentration of metals leached from raw coal and coal gangue varied with pH value of the leaching solutions. The greater was the pH value, the less Cu, Pb, As, Zn and more Cr6＋ was leached. （Coal：rCu=-0.923,rPb=-0.951,rCr6＋=0.924,rAs=-0.973,rAs=-0.996,P〈0.05 ;coal gangue：rCu=-0.956,rPh=-0.922,rCr6＋=0.915,rAs=-0.977,rAs=-0.991,P〈0.05）.Conclu- sion The leaching of coal and coal gangue could pollute environment. More efforts should be done to govern and degrade the poisonous metals,and then to comprehensively exploit and develop the area.