Pathways between socioeconomic status and modifiable risk factors among African American smokers |
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Authors: | Darla E. Kendzor Michael S. Businelle Carlos A. Mazas Ludmila M. Cofta-Woerpel Lorraine R. Reitzel Jennifer Irvin Vidrine Yisheng Li Tracy J. Costello Paul M. Cinciripini Jasjit S. Ahluwalia David W. Wetter |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Health Disparities Research, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 2. Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 3. Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 4. University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Abstract: | Although socioeconomic status is a major contributing factor to health disparities, the mechanisms through which socioeconomic status influences health remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate an a priori conceptual model of the pathways between socioeconomic status and modifiable health risk factors in a sample of 399 African Americans seeking smoking cessation treatment. A latent variable modeling approach was utilized to characterize the interrelationships among socioeconomic status, neighborhood disadvantage, social support, negative affect/perceived stress, and three specific modifiable risk factors (i.e., overweight/obesity, insufficient physical activity, at-risk drinking). Findings indicated that neighborhood disadvantage, social support, and negative affect/perceived stress function as pathways linking socioeconomic status and modifiable risk factors among African American smokers, and negative affect/perceived stress appears to play a key mediating role. Policy, community, and individual-level interventions may attenuate the impact of socioeconomic status on health by targeting intermediate psychosocial, environmental, and behavioral pathways. |
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