2011-2013年医院感染现患率调查分析

目的调查医院感染发生情况,为改进医院感染监测方法及预防与控制措施提供依据。方法以医院感染专职人员为主,临床各科室医院感染监控人员配合,采用床旁和病历相结合的调查方式,对2011年9月16日、2012年10月11日及2013年8月28日（0∶00-24∶00）所有住院患者进行现患率调查,填写个案调查表和床旁调查表,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果 3次调查医院感染现患率平均为2.17%,例次感染率平均为2.61%,发生医院感染现患率前3位的科室是ICU、高内科、外一科;医院感染主要分布在下呼吸道;抗菌药物使用率平均为54.70%,呈逐年下降趋势。使用抗菌药物病原学培养送检率平均为45.81%,共检出病原菌67株,革兰阴性菌为主。结论 3次现患率调查,阐明了医院感染的基本情况及发展动态,发现了医院感染高危科室和感染主要部位,对于今后制定感染控制措施、加强医院感染监督检查具有重要作用。

Investigation of prevalence of hospital infection from 2011 to 2013

Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection for the improvement of hospital infection surveillance. Methods Based on hospital infection full-time staff,with the hospital infection control staff,using the survey method of combination of bedside and medical history,investigated the prevalence rate of all hospitalized patients on September 16 in 2011,October 11 in 2012 and August 28 in 2013（ 0∶00- 24∶00）. Filled the case studies and bedside questionnaire. And the survey results were analyzed statistically. Results 3 survey nosocomial infection prevalence rate averaged 2. 17%,case infection rate averaged 2. 61%,the occurrence of nosocomial infection prevalence rate of the top three departments were ICU, high medical,surgical; nosocomial infection mainly lower respiratory tract; antibacterial drug utilization rate averaged 54. 70%, a declining trend. Use of antimicrobial agents pathogenic culture submission rate averaged 45. 81%,a total of 67 pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion The prevalence survey three times to clarify the basic situation of nosocomial infection and the development of dynamic,found the hospital infection and infection risk departments main part,for the future development of infection control measures to strengthen supervision and inspection of hospital infection plays an important role.