Cervical pedicle screw fixation at C6 and C7: A cadaveric study

Background:Cervical pedicle screw fixation is an effective method for treating traumatic and non traumatic injuries. But many studies have reported higher incidence of cervical pedicle penetration, so many research efforts have aimed at improving the accuracy of cervical screw fixation. Most of the anatomical studies on cervical pedicle screw placement previously published focused on the measurements of anatomical parameters, the entry point of pedicle screw is vague. We preliminarily designed a C3, C4 and C5 pedicle screw fixation method that had clear entry point and clinical cases confirmed that this method is feasible and safe. So we did this study of cervical pedicle screw fixation for C6 and C7 vertebrae.Results:In C6, the PW and PH were 6.12 ± 0.78 and 7.48 ± 0.81 mm, respectively. In C7, the PW and PH were 6.85 ± 0.73 and 8.03 ± 0.38 mm, respectively. The LSC was 30.83 ± 0.91 mm. Two E angles were identified, namely E1 and E2 and their values were 89.61 ± 1.24 and 59.71 ± 1.10°, respectively. Meanwhile, F averaged 75.86 ± 1.12°.Conclusion:The intersection of the horizontal line through the midpoint of the transverse process root and vertical line through the intersection of the posterolateral and posterior planes of the isthmus can be used as an entry point for C6 and C7 pedicle screw fixation. The screws should be inserted at 60 or 90° with the posterolateral isthmus in the horizontal plane and at 75° with the posterior isthmus in the sagittal plane. The LSC should not exceed 30 mm.