上海市城乡高血压患病率动态对比分析

按全国统一标准和方法,对上海城乡各3个随机抽样点15岁及以上成人21189名进行血压普查,校正应答率91.85%.结果:①临界、确诊和合并(临界 确诊)患病率分别为6.38%、6.31%、12.69%;城乡标化患病率分别为11.05%、6.59%,患病率骤升年龄城市较早5岁、患病率及血压水平城乡相差10～15年.②男性在55岁前患病率高于女性,65岁后相反;血压值男性在46岁后、女性在45岁后城高于乡,40岁前在男性城乡差别不大,而女性反乡高于城.③城市合并标化患病率本次与1979年普查结果间无明显差别.而农村则本次为1979年的181.04%,且患病率骤升年龄提前5岁.城乡标化患病率差别从1979年的2.2倍降至本次的0.68倍.

Developmental and Comparative Survey of Hypertension Prevalence Rate in Shanghai Urban and Rural Populations

According to the nation ?wide uniform standard and method, hypertension prevalence rates (P. R) of 21189 adults (above 15 years) were examined in 3 urban and 3 rural populations screening at random in shanghai. The adjusted rate of response was 91. 85%. Result showed: (1)The borderline, established and pooled (borderline established)P. R. were 6. 38%,6. 31%, 12. 69% respectively; the standarized P. R. in urban and rural were 11. 05%,6. 59% ;the ages of abrupt rise of P. R. was 5 years early in urban and the urban-rural P. R. and blood pressure level difference were 10~15 years. (2)The P. R. washigher before 55 years in male,while after 65 contrailyiblood pressurel-erels were higher in urban than rural in males after 40 and in female after 45 years,no urban-rural difference before 40 in male while it was higher in rural females contraily. (3) The pooled stand arized P. R. in urban were not different in comparison with that of 1979, while the rural P. R. was 181. 04% to that of 1979 and the age of abrupt rise of P. R. in rural during this survey was 5 years early. The increment of 28. 91% of P. R. than that of 1979 was mainly due to the tremendous rise of P. R. of borderline cases in rural > and the difference of urban-rural standarized P. R. was thus droped from 2. 2 fold during 1979 to only o. 68 fold during this survey. Daily life and work, social psychology , and modes of life and relation to their environment were changed enormously in rural since 1979. To search for the exact cause of abrupt decreae of the urban-rural P. R. difference and take somewhat effective approaches preventing the blood pressure rise due to the guickness of modernization might be an urgent neces sary just now .