负载骨结合式牙种植体的骨构建实验研究

目的 观察骨结合式牙种植体与骨髓基质成骨细胞(MSO)及松质骨基质(CBM)支架复合人工骨皮下移植后，新骨的形成及与种植体的愈合情况。方法 将骨结合式牙种植体置于圆柱状的CBM中，在其表面及孔洞内接种培养扩增的MSO，形成负载骨结合式牙种植体的骨髓基质成骨细胞-藻酸盐-松质骨基质复合人工骨(MCCAB)，然后植入裸鼠背部皮下组织中，对照组植入负载骨结合式牙种植体的藻酸盐-松质骨基质复合物。植入4、8周取材，通过大体标本观察、X线检查、组织学观察和组织学定量分析评价新骨形成情况。结果 负载骨结合式牙种植体的MCCAB皮下成骨效果明显优于负载骨结合式牙种植体的藻酸盐-松质骨基质复合物组。复合人工骨标本内有大量新骨形成，兼有膜内成骨和软骨内成骨的特点，并以前者为主；种植体与新骨结合。对照组成骨作用不明显，为单纯软骨内成骨，与种植体未见结合。结论 骨结合式牙种植体与复合人工骨复合植入后，在支架材料与种植体表面均有大量新骨形成，并可与种植体结合，表明用组织工程学方法进行颌面部骨修复时，可以同期植入种植体。

Experimental study of tissue engineered bone loaded with osteointergrated dental implants

Objective To investigate osteogenesis and intergration of osteointergrated dental impants with marrow stromal osteoblast and cancellous bone matrix compound artificial bone(MCCAB) when embedded subcataneously. Methods Osteointergrated dental implants (3 mm in diameter) were inserted into cancellous bone matrix(CBM) columns(5 mm in diameter). Marrow stromal osteoblast(MSO)were cultured and expanded in the column and on the surface.The osteointergrated dental implants loaded MSO-Alginate-CBM compound was formated. This compound was then implanted subcutaneously in nude mice, and the osteointergrated dental implants loaded Alginate-CBM compounds were implanted as control. The compound was in the mice for 4 to 8 weeks and then harvested and assesed by means of gross observation, X-ray examination, histologic observation and computerized histomorphometry for evaluation of bone formation. Results The osteogenesis of the osteointergrated dental implants loaded MSO-Alginate-CBM compound was better than that of the the osteointergrated dental implants loaded Alginate-CBM compound. Both intramembranous and cartilaginous osteogenesis was seen but the former was predominant .A large amount of new bone formed around the implant and intergrated well with the implant.In the control ,only slight cartilage osteogenesis was seen and no intergration was found. Conclusions The results suggest that the new bone forms in the scaffolds and on the surface of the implant, and integration between the implant and artificial bone also occurs when they are implanted in the nude mice.