不能手术肾癌及肾盂输尿管癌放疗效果分析

目的 回顾性分析不能手术治疗的肾癌及肾盂输尿管癌放疗结果。方法 2006—2015年间 29例无法行肾癌及肾盂输尿管癌手术患者实行了放疗,其中男 18例、女 11例,年龄 41~95岁(中位数 76岁);肾癌 17例,肾盂输尿管癌 12例;临床血尿 14例,腰背痛 7例。采用剂量递增放疗模式,其中伽马刀治疗 17例、HT治疗 12例。伽马刀50%等剂量线为处方剂量线,3~5 Gy/次,PTV边缘 40~50 Gy,GTV边缘 60~70 Gy。HT 50、60、70 Gy分 15~20次。结果 原发灶CR率为17%(5/29)、PR率为69%(20/29),总有效率(CR+PR)为86%。血尿消失93%,腰背痛消失100%。3、5年样本量分别为15、11例,肾癌和肾盂输尿管癌3、5年生存率分别为81%、81%和69%、69%。治疗期间1、2级消化系统反应 25例,1、2级骨髓抑制 20例,给予药物对症治疗后好转。结论 肾癌和肾盂输尿管癌伽马刀和HT安全有效切可提高LC和OS率,为不能手术肾癌和肾盂输尿管癌患者提供了有效治疗手段。

Outcome of radiotherapy for unresectable renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvis and ureter cancer

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical outcome of radiotherapy for unresectable renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvis and ureter cancer. Methods A total of 29 patients with unresectable renal cell carcinoma or renal pelvis and ureter cancer received radiotherapy from 2006 to 2015. Those patients were 18 males and 11 females aged between 41 and 95 years (median age 76 years). In those patients, 17 had renal cell carcinoma and 12 renal pelvis and ureter cancer;14 had hematuria and 7 low back pain. All patients received dose-escalation radiotherapy, with 17 treated by gamma knife treatment and 12 by helical tomotherapy(HT). For the gamma knife treatment, the 50% isodose line was set as the prescribed dose line;the radiation dose was 3 to 5 Gy per fraction, with a total dose of 40-50 Gy around the planning target volume and 60-70 Gy around the gross tumor volume. HT was performed with a dose of 50/60/70 Gy in 15-20 fractions. Results For the primary lesion, the complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) rates were 17%(5/29) and 69%(20/29), respectively, yielding an overall response rate (CR+PR) of 86%. After treatment, 93% of patients recovered from hematuria and 100% of patients recovered from low back pain. The 3-and 5-year sample sizes were 15 and 11, respectively. The 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 81%, and 81%, respectively, for renal cell carcinoma, and, 69%, and 69%, respectively, for renal pelvis and ureter cancer. During treatment, 25 patients had grade 1-2 digestive system reaction and 20 patients had grade 1-2 bone marrow suppression. The radiation-induced toxicity was reduced by medication. Conclusions Radiotherapy is safe and effective for treating renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvis and ureter cancer. It can improve the local control and overall survival rates. Radiotherapy provides an effective way to treat unresectable renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvis and ureter carcinoma.