克罗恩病的内镜及临床特点

目的总结克罗恩病（CD）的内镜及临床特点。方法收集1975年6月至2005年6月经结肠镜及病理学检查确诊的155例CD患者的相关资料，分析其内镜下表现及临床病理特点。结果1975—1990年和1991—2005年两组中，经结肠镜及病理学检查确诊的CD患者占同期镜检总数的比例从0．45％升至0．53％。患者男女之比为1．21：1；平均发病年龄42．6岁，高峰年龄段男为20～39岁及50～59岁，女为50～59岁；病程大于10年者占80％；临床主要表现为腹痛、腹泻、血便等肠道症状，以及贫血、发热、消瘦等全身症状；病变部位小肠为主者占43．87％、结肠为主者占23．23％、回结肠为主者占32．90％。结论CD的发病率有上升趋势，临床表现多样化，结肠镜结合病理学检查是目前诊断CD的主要方法。

Endoscopic and clinical features of Crohn disease

Objective To study on the endoscopic and clinical features of Crohn disease ( CD). Methods The data of 155 patients diagnosed as CD in Huadong Hospital from June 1975 to June 2005 were reviewed. The endoscopic and clinical features of CD with biopsy were analysed. Results In the two groups from 1975 to 1990 and from 1991 to 2005, the proportion of patients diagnosed as CD under colonoscopy was increased from 0. 45% to 0. 53% . The ratio of male to female was 1. 21. The average age was 42. 6 years old. The peak age of male was between 20 to 39 and 50 to 59 years old, and that of female was between 50 to 59 years old. 80% of patients had the course of more than 10 years. The typical clinical manifestations of CD were abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, and anaemia, fever, weight loss. 43.87% of patients had small bowel disease, 32. 90 % had small and large bowel involvement, and only 23. 23% had large bowel alone. Conclusion The incidence of CD was increased. The chief clinical features were diversification. Colonoscopy with biopsy is considered to be the major procedure in diagnosing CD.