人脐带和骨髓源间充质干细胞生物学特征的对比研究

为了对比人脐带组织源间充质干细胞（UC-MSC）与骨髓源间充质干细胞（BM-MSC）的生物学特性,从足月胎儿脐带组织和成人骨髓中分离出间充质干细胞（MSC）。用有限稀释法、流式细胞术、倒置显微镜检及RT-PCR等方法检测UC-MSC和BM-MSC的分离成功率、细胞产量、成纤维细胞集落形成单位（CFU-F）、增殖特性、免疫表型和多向诱导分化能力等并对比性研究二者的生物学特性。结果表明,UC-MSC和BM-MSC的分离成功率均达100%;虽然由脐带组织中分离的有核细胞数低于骨髓（1×10^6/cmvs5.5×10^7/ml）（p=0.0002）,但在培养第14天由脐带和骨髓中得到的贴壁细胞数无差异（8.6×10^5/cmvs8.4×10^5/ml）（p〉0.05）;UC-MSC形态、大多数分子表型、细胞周期状态、脂肪和骨诱导分化能力与BM-MSC相似,但UC-MSC的CFU-F比例（1∶1609±0.18）高于BM-MSC的CFU-F比例（1∶35700±0.01）（p〈0.05）。此外,UC-MSC具有比BM-MSC更强的增殖能力（p〈0.05）。UC-MSCHLA-ABC和CD106分子表达低于BM-MSC（p〈0.05）。结论：脐带组织源间充质干细胞产量和绝大多数生物学特征与BM-MSC的相似,且具有比BM-MSC更高的增殖能力、较低的HLA-ABC和HLA-DR表达,UC-MSC有望成为BM-MSC理想的替代来源。

Comparative Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Tissue and Bone Marrow

This study was purposed to compare the biological characteristics of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The frequency of successful isolation, cell yield, colony-forming units-fibroblastics (CFU-F), proliferation capacity, immunophenotype and multi-differentiation potentials of UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs were determined by limiting dilution assay, flow cytometry, invert microscopy, RT-PCR and so on, the determined results were compared. The results showed that MSCs were successfully isolated from all the 36 portion of UC tissue and 8 portion of BM. Although the mean number of nucleated cells isolated from UC tissue was significantly lower than that from BMs (1 x 10(6)/cm vs 5.5 x 10(7)/ml) (p=0.0002), no significant differences of the yield of adherent cells were observed (8.6 x 10(5)/cm vs 8.4 x 10(5)/ml) (p>0.05). UC-MSCs shared the most of the characteristic of BM-MSC, including fibroblastic-like morphology, typical immunophenotype, cell cycle status, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials. However, the CFU-F frequency was higher in UC (1:1609+/-0.18) than that in BM (1:35700+/-0.01) (p<0.05). Furthermore, the proliferation capacity of UC-MSCs was higher than that of BM-MSCs; the expressions of CD106 and HLA-class I in UC-MSCs were lower than those in BM-MSCs (p<0.05). It is concluded that the cell yield and most biological characteristics of UC-MSCs are similar to BM-MSCs, but UC-MSCs possess the higher proliferation capacity, and the lower expression of HLA-class I and HLA-DR as compared with BM-MSCs, therefore the human umbilical cord tissue may be considered as a promising alternative to bone marrow as a source of MSCs.