唇腭裂患者与安氏Ⅲ类错牙(牙合)患者的颅面结构的比较

目的比较单侧唇腭裂患者与安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者在颅面部的形态结构上的差异.方法样本包括39例12～15岁的单侧完全或不完全唇腭裂患者,均在2～3岁前行唇腭裂修复术;另外选取40例12～15岁前牙反(牙合)的患者作为对照组.反(牙合)组患者均不需要进行外科手术,两组之间进行头颅定位侧位片的比较分析.结果唇腭裂患者的上下颌骨的发育均较前牙反(牙合)患者小,同时唇腭裂患者的下颌角较大,下颌平面较陡,相比安氏Ⅲ类组有高角型错(牙合)的趋势;而唇腭裂组患者的上前牙较为直立,下切牙的位置两组间则无显著性差异.结论唇腭裂组患者的上下颌骨发育较安氏Ⅲ类患者小,下颌角较大,下颌平面向下向后旋转.

Comparative study of craniofacial structure between UCLP and Class Ⅲ malocclusions

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the dentocraniofacial morphology between the patients with cleft lip and palate and those with Class III malocclusion without surgical treatment. METHODS: The sample included two groups, group one consisted of 39 patients with repaired completed or uncompleted unilateral cleft lip and palate, with age ranging from 12 to 15 years; group two consisted of 40 patients with Class III malocclusion without surgical treatment, with age ranging from 12 to 15 years. Cephalometrics analysis was conducted to allow for a quantitative assessment of dentocraniofacial morphology. RESULTS: The group with unilateral cleft lip and palate showed smaller SNA and SNB angle than those in the Class III group,but the ANB angle showed no significant difference between two groups. Cleft group showed significant downward and backward rotation of the mandible associated with a more obtuse gonial angle. The upper incisors in cleft group were also found to be more retroclined. The inclination of lower anterior teeth showed no difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: The cleft group showed smaller maxilla and mandible than the Class III group, with mandibular plane being clockwise rotated.