贵州省苗族和仡佬族人群生命质量及其影响因素分析

目的 评价贵州省苗族和仡佬族人群生命质量并探讨其影响因素。方法 采用自行设计的生命质量问卷调查582人，同时进行家庭一般情况和个人健康相关行为、2周患病和慢性病患病情况等调查。采用多个独立样本比较的秩和检验和多元逐步回归方法进行统计分析。结果 苗族人群生命质量得分相对最高，汉族居中，仡佬族最低；三个民族的生命质量在多个领域存在差异，生命质量的影响因素也不尽相同，主要有性别、年龄、2周是否患病、是否患慢性病、是否饮用生水、是否吸烟以及受教育程度和家庭生活支出费用的多少等。结论 加强医疗卫生服务，推行合作医疗、加强慢性病的预防和治疗、通过健康教育倡导良好的健康相关行为、发展经济是提高少数民族人群生命质量的关键。

Study on the quality of life and its influencing factors in Miao and Gelao Minority groups in Guizhou province

Objective To investigate and evaluate the quality of life and its influencing factors in Miao and Gelao Minority groups in Guizhou province with the aim of providing evidence for valid health promotion measures.Methods Based on a self-designed questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life on 582 subjects.Kruskal-wallis test and stepwise regression analysis were used to test the quality of life and its influencing factors.Results There were significant differences among the groups of quality of life and its influencing factors.The quality of life of Miao Minority was the highest and Gelao the lowest.Sex,age, acute disease prevalence of the past two-weeks,prevalence of chronic diseases,drinking unboiled water, tobacco-smoking habit,educational level and the family expenditure on life were correlated with all or most of the domains of quality of life.Conclusion The key steps on quality of life promotion should include: strengthening the basis medical health service,pushing cooperative medical service,enhancing prevention and care of chronic diseases,speeding the development of economics etc.