269例早产的主要因素及其对母儿的影响

目的:分析早产发生的主要因素及其对母儿的影响。方法:回顾性分析2000年9月-2004年8月分娩的269例早产病历,按孕周分为28-34+6周与35-36+6周两组进行比较分析。结果:胎膜早破、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、双胎、妊高征、胎盘因素(胎盘早剥、前置胎盘)居早产原因的前5位,两组产后出血率无显著差异;新生儿体重、新生儿窒息及新生儿死亡两组有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:胎膜早破是造成早产的重要原因,早产是新生儿死亡的主要原因,预防胎膜早破,积极治疗孕期并发症对降低早产,提高围产医学质量有深远意义。

Main factors of premature delivery and its effects on the pregnant and infant in 269cases

Objective:To study the main factors of premature birth and its effects on the pregnant and infant.Methods:269 cases of premature delivery from September 2000 to August 2004 were divided into two groups according to their gestational age of delivery before or after 35 weeks.The effects they caused on pregnant and infant were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Premature rupture of membrane,intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,twin pregnancy,and hypertensive disorder,complicating pregnancy were the main risk factors of premature delivery.There was no difference in the delivery methods and postpartum hemorrhage between two groups,but apparent difference was found in the infants mortality and low birth weight(P<0.01).Conclusion:Premature rupture of membrane is the main causes of premature delivery,premature delivery is the main causes of infantile death. Preventing premature rupture of membrane and active treatment of complications of the pregnant period is important to improve the quality of perinatal period.